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Desquiciar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to unhinge, upset”.
Below are all of the conjugations for desquiciar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to unhinge, upset |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | desquiciar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está desquiciando) and past continuous (estaba desquiciando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. unhinging).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he desquiciado and hubiera desquiciado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have unhinged).
| Gerundio / Gerund | desquiciando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | desquiciado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I unhinge” or “they unhinge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desquicio |
| Tú | desquicias |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquicia |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciamos |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquician |
| Vos | desquiciás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I unhinged” or “she unhinged” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desquicié | I unhinged |
| Tú | desquiciaste | You unhinged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquició | He / she / you unhinged |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciamos | We unhinged |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciasteis | You unhinged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciaron | They / you unhinged |
| Vos | desquiciaste | You unhinged |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was unhinging” or “she was unhinging” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desquiciaba | I was unhinging |
| Tú | desquiciabas | You were unhinging |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquiciaba | He was / she was / you were unhinging |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciábamos | We were unhinging |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciabais | You were unhinging |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciaban | They / you were unhinging |
| Vos | desquiciabas | You were unhinging |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have unhinged” and “she has unhinged”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he desquiciado | I have unhinged |
| Tú | has desquiciado | You have unhinged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha desquiciado | He has / she has / you have unhinged |
| Nosotros / as | hemos desquiciado | We have unhinged |
| Vosotros / as | habéis desquiciado | You have unhinged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han desquiciado | They / you have unhinged |
| Vos | has desquiciado | You have unhinged |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would unhinge” or “she would unhinge”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desquiciaría | I would unhinge |
| Tú | desquiciarías | You would unhinge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquiciaría | He / she / you would unhinge |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciaríamos | We would unhinge |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciaríais | You would unhinge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciarían | They / you would unhinge |
| Vos | desquiciarías | You would unhinge |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will unhinge” or “they will unhinge”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a desquiciar” means “They are going to unhinge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desquiciaré | I will unhinge |
| Tú | desquiciarás | You will unhinge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquiciará | He / she / you will unhinge |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciaremos | We will unhinge |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciaréis | You will unhinge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciarán | They / you will unhinge |
| Vos | desquiciarás | You will unhinge |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desquicie |
| Tú | desquicies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquicie |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciemos |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquicien |
| Vos | desquicies |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desquiciara | desquiciase |
| Tú | desquiciaras | desquiciase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquiciara | desquiciase |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciáramos | desquiciásemos |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciarais | desquiciaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciaran | desquiciasen |
| Vos | desquiciaras | desquiciase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desquiciare |
| Tú | desquiciares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquiciare |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciáremos |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquiciaren |
| Vos | desquiciares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “unhinge!” and “don’t unhinge!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | desquicia | no desquicies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desquicie | no desquicie |
| Nosotros / as | desquiciemos | no desquiciemos |
| Vosotros / as | desquiciad | no desquiciéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desquicien | no desquicien |
| Vos | desquiciá | no desquicies |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya desquiciado |
| Tú | hayas desquiciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya desquiciado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos desquiciado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis desquiciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan desquiciado |
| Vos | hayas desquiciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera desquiciado / hubiese desquiciado |
| Tú | hubieras desquiciado / hubieses desquiciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera desquiciado / hubiese desquiciado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos desquiciado / hubiésemos desquiciado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais desquiciado / hubieseis desquiciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran desquiciado / hubiesen desquiciado |
| Vos | hubieras desquiciado / hubieses desquiciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere desquiciado |
| Tú | hubieres desquiciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere desquiciado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos desquiciado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis desquiciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren desquiciado |
| Vos | hubieres desquiciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté desquiciando |
| Tú | estés desquiciando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté desquiciando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos desquiciando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis desquiciando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén desquiciando |
| Vos | estés desquiciando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera desquiciando / estuviese desquiciando |
| Tú | estuvieras desquiciando / estuvieses desquiciando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera desquiciando / estuviese desquiciando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos desquiciando / estuviésamos desquiciando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais desquiciando / estuvieseis desquiciando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera desquiciando / estuviese desquiciando |
| Vos | estuvieras desquiciando / estuvieses desquiciando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere desquiciando |
| Tú | estuvieres desquiciando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere desquiciando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos desquiciando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis desquiciando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere desquiciando |
| Vos | estuvieres desquiciando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos desquiciás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos desquiciaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos desquiciabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos desquiciarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos desquiciarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos desquicies |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos desquiciaras / Vos desquiciase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos desquiciá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no desquicies |