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Destilar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to distil, filter”.
Below are all of the conjugations for destilar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to distil, filter |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | destilar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está destilando) and past continuous (estaba destilando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. distilling).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he destilado and hubiera destilado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have distilled).
| Gerundio / Gerund | destilando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | destilado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I distil” or “they distil”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destilo |
| Tú | destilas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destila |
| Nosotros / as | destilamos |
| Vosotros / as | destiláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilan |
| Vos | destilás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I distilled” or “she distilled” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destilé | I distilled |
| Tú | destilaste | You distilled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destiló | He / she / you distilled |
| Nosotros / as | destilamos | We distilled |
| Vosotros / as | destilasteis | You distilled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilaron | They / you distilled |
| Vos | destilaste | You distilled |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was distilling” or “she was distilling” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destilaba | I was distilling |
| Tú | destilabas | You were distilling |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destilaba | He was / she was / you were distilling |
| Nosotros / as | destilábamos | We were distilling |
| Vosotros / as | destilabais | You were distilling |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilaban | They / you were distilling |
| Vos | destilabas | You were distilling |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have distilled” and “she has distilled”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he destilado | I have distilled |
| Tú | has destilado | You have distilled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha destilado | He has / she has / you have distilled |
| Nosotros / as | hemos destilado | We have distilled |
| Vosotros / as | habéis destilado | You have distilled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han destilado | They / you have distilled |
| Vos | has destilado | You have distilled |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would distil” or “she would distil”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destilaría | I would distil |
| Tú | destilarías | You would distil |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destilaría | He / she / you would distil |
| Nosotros / as | destilaríamos | We would distil |
| Vosotros / as | destilaríais | You would distil |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilarían | They / you would distil |
| Vos | destilarías | You would distil |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will distil” or “they will distil”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a destilar” means “They are going to distil”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destilaré | I will distil |
| Tú | destilarás | You will distil |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destilará | He / she / you will distil |
| Nosotros / as | destilaremos | We will distil |
| Vosotros / as | destilaréis | You will distil |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilarán | They / you will distil |
| Vos | destilarás | You will distil |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destile |
| Tú | destiles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destile |
| Nosotros / as | destilemos |
| Vosotros / as | destiléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilen |
| Vos | destiles |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | destilara | destilase |
| Tú | destilaras | destilase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destilara | destilase |
| Nosotros / as | destiláramos | destilásemos |
| Vosotros / as | destilarais | destilaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilaran | destilasen |
| Vos | destilaras | destilase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | destilare |
| Tú | destilares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destilare |
| Nosotros / as | destiláremos |
| Vosotros / as | destilareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilaren |
| Vos | destilares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “distil!” and “don’t distil!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | destila | no destiles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | destile | no destile |
| Nosotros / as | destilemos | no destilemos |
| Vosotros / as | destilad | no destiléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | destilen | no destilen |
| Vos | destilá | no destiles |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya destilado |
| Tú | hayas destilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya destilado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos destilado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis destilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan destilado |
| Vos | hayas destilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera destilado / hubiese destilado |
| Tú | hubieras destilado / hubieses destilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera destilado / hubiese destilado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos destilado / hubiésemos destilado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais destilado / hubieseis destilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran destilado / hubiesen destilado |
| Vos | hubieras destilado / hubieses destilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere destilado |
| Tú | hubieres destilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere destilado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos destilado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis destilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren destilado |
| Vos | hubieres destilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté destilando |
| Tú | estés destilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté destilando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos destilando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis destilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén destilando |
| Vos | estés destilando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera destilando / estuviese destilando |
| Tú | estuvieras destilando / estuvieses destilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera destilando / estuviese destilando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos destilando / estuviésamos destilando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais destilando / estuvieseis destilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera destilando / estuviese destilando |
| Vos | estuvieras destilando / estuvieses destilando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere destilando |
| Tú | estuvieres destilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere destilando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos destilando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis destilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere destilando |
| Vos | estuvieres destilando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos destilás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos destilaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos destilabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos destilarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos destilarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos destiles |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos destilaras / Vos destilase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos destilá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no destiles |