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Traer is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to bring”.
Below are all of the conjugations for traer in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to bring |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | traer |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está trayendo) and past continuous (estaba trayendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. bringing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he traído and hubiera traído. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have brought).
| Gerundio / Gerund | trayendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | traído |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I bring” or “they bring”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | traigo |
| Tú | traes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | trae |
| Nosotros / as | traemos |
| Vosotros / as | traéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traen |
| Vos | traés |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I brought” or “she brought” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | traje | I brought |
| Tú | trajiste | You brought |
| Él / Ella / Usted | trajo | He / she / you brought |
| Nosotros / as | trajimos | We brought |
| Vosotros / as | trajisteis | You brought |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | trajeron | They / you brought |
| Vos | trajiste | You brought |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was bringing” or “she was bringing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | traía | I was bringing |
| Tú | traías | You were bringing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | traía | He was / she was / you were bringing |
| Nosotros / as | traíamos | We were bringing |
| Vosotros / as | traíais | You were bringing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traían | They / you were bringing |
| Vos | traías | You were bringing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have brought” and “she has brought”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he traído | I have brought |
| Tú | has traído | You have brought |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha traído | He has / she has / you have brought |
| Nosotros / as | hemos traído | We have brought |
| Vosotros / as | habéis traído | You have brought |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han traído | They / you have brought |
| Vos | has traído | You have brought |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would bring” or “she would bring”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | traería | I would bring |
| Tú | traerías | You would bring |
| Él / Ella / Usted | traería | He / she / you would bring |
| Nosotros / as | traeríamos | We would bring |
| Vosotros / as | traeríais | You would bring |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traerían | They / you would bring |
| Vos | traerías | You would bring |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will bring” or “they will bring”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a traer” means “They are going to bring”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | traeré | I will bring |
| Tú | traerás | You will bring |
| Él / Ella / Usted | traerá | He / she / you will bring |
| Nosotros / as | traeremos | We will bring |
| Vosotros / as | traeréis | You will bring |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traerán | They / you will bring |
| Vos | traerás | You will bring |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | traiga |
| Tú | traigas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | traiga |
| Nosotros / as | traigamos |
| Vosotros / as | traigáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traigan |
| Vos | traigas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | trajera | trajese |
| Tú | trajeras | trajese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | trajera | trajese |
| Nosotros / as | trajéramos | trajésemos |
| Vosotros / as | trajerais | trajeseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | trajeran | trajesen |
| Vos | trajeras | trajese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | trajere |
| Tú | trajeres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | trajere |
| Nosotros / as | trajéremos |
| Vosotros / as | trajereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | trajeren |
| Vos | trajeres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “bring!” and “don’t bring!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | trae | no traigas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | traiga | no traiga |
| Nosotros / as | traigamos | no traigamos |
| Vosotros / as | traed | no traigáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | traigan | no traigan |
| Vos | traé | no traigas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya traído |
| Tú | hayas traído |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya traído |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos traído |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis traído |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan traído |
| Vos | hayas traído |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera traído / hubiese traído |
| Tú | hubieras traído / hubieses traído |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera traído / hubiese traído |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos traído / hubiésemos traído |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais traído / hubieseis traído |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran traído / hubiesen traído |
| Vos | hubieras traído / hubieses traído |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere traído |
| Tú | hubieres traído |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere traído |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos traído |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis traído |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren traído |
| Vos | hubieres traído |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté trayendo |
| Tú | estés trayendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté trayendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos trayendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis trayendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén trayendo |
| Vos | estés trayendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera trayendo / estuviese trayendo |
| Tú | estuvieras trayendo / estuvieses trayendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera trayendo / estuviese trayendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos trayendo / estuviésamos trayendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais trayendo / estuvieseis trayendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera trayendo / estuviese trayendo |
| Vos | estuvieras trayendo / estuvieses trayendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere trayendo |
| Tú | estuvieres trayendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere trayendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos trayendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis trayendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere trayendo |
| Vos | estuvieres trayendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos traés |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos trajiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos traías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos traerías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos traerás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos traigas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos trajeras / Vos trajese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos traé |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no traigas |
