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Disfrazar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to disguise, dress for a masquerade”.
Below are all of the conjugations for disfrazar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to disguise, dress for a masquerade |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | disfrazar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está disfrazando) and past continuous (estaba disfrazando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. disguising).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he disfrazado and hubiera disfrazado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have disguised).
| Gerundio / Gerund | disfrazando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | disfrazado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I disguise” or “they disguise”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazo |
| Tú | disfrazas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfraza |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazamos |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazan |
| Vos | disfrazás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I disguised” or “she disguised” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disfracé | I disguised |
| Tú | disfrazaste | You disguised |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazó | He / she / you disguised |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazamos | We disguised |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazasteis | You disguised |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazaron | They / you disguised |
| Vos | disfrazaste | You disguised |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was disguising” or “she was disguising” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazaba | I was disguising |
| Tú | disfrazabas | You were disguising |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazaba | He was / she was / you were disguising |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazábamos | We were disguising |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazabais | You were disguising |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazaban | They / you were disguising |
| Vos | disfrazabas | You were disguising |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have disguised” and “she has disguised”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he disfrazado | I have disguised |
| Tú | has disfrazado | You have disguised |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha disfrazado | He has / she has / you have disguised |
| Nosotros / as | hemos disfrazado | We have disguised |
| Vosotros / as | habéis disfrazado | You have disguised |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han disfrazado | They / you have disguised |
| Vos | has disfrazado | You have disguised |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would disguise” or “she would disguise”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazaría | I would disguise |
| Tú | disfrazarías | You would disguise |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazaría | He / she / you would disguise |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazaríamos | We would disguise |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazaríais | You would disguise |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazarían | They / you would disguise |
| Vos | disfrazarías | You would disguise |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will disguise” or “they will disguise”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a disfrazar” means “They are going to disguise”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazaré | I will disguise |
| Tú | disfrazarás | You will disguise |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazará | He / she / you will disguise |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazaremos | We will disguise |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazaréis | You will disguise |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazarán | They / you will disguise |
| Vos | disfrazarás | You will disguise |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disfrace |
| Tú | disfraces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrace |
| Nosotros / as | disfracemos |
| Vosotros / as | disfracéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfracen |
| Vos | disfraces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazara | disfrazase |
| Tú | disfrazaras | disfrazase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazara | disfrazase |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazáramos | disfrazásemos |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazarais | disfrazaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazaran | disfrazasen |
| Vos | disfrazaras | disfrazase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disfrazare |
| Tú | disfrazares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrazare |
| Nosotros / as | disfrazáremos |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfrazaren |
| Vos | disfrazares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “disguise!” and “don’t disguise!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | disfraza | no disfraces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disfrace | no disfrace |
| Nosotros / as | disfracemos | no disfracemos |
| Vosotros / as | disfrazad | no disfracéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disfracen | no disfracen |
| Vos | disfrazá | no disfraces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya disfrazado |
| Tú | hayas disfrazado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya disfrazado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos disfrazado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis disfrazado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan disfrazado |
| Vos | hayas disfrazado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera disfrazado / hubiese disfrazado |
| Tú | hubieras disfrazado / hubieses disfrazado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera disfrazado / hubiese disfrazado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos disfrazado / hubiésemos disfrazado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais disfrazado / hubieseis disfrazado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran disfrazado / hubiesen disfrazado |
| Vos | hubieras disfrazado / hubieses disfrazado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere disfrazado |
| Tú | hubieres disfrazado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere disfrazado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos disfrazado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis disfrazado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren disfrazado |
| Vos | hubieres disfrazado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté disfrazando |
| Tú | estés disfrazando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté disfrazando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos disfrazando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis disfrazando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén disfrazando |
| Vos | estés disfrazando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera disfrazando / estuviese disfrazando |
| Tú | estuvieras disfrazando / estuvieses disfrazando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera disfrazando / estuviese disfrazando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos disfrazando / estuviésamos disfrazando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais disfrazando / estuvieseis disfrazando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera disfrazando / estuviese disfrazando |
| Vos | estuvieras disfrazando / estuvieses disfrazando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere disfrazando |
| Tú | estuvieres disfrazando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere disfrazando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos disfrazando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis disfrazando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere disfrazando |
| Vos | estuvieres disfrazando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos disfrazás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos disfrazaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos disfrazabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos disfrazarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos disfrazarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos disfraces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos disfrazaras / Vos disfrazase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos disfrazá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no disfraces |