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Morir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to die”.
Below are all of the conjugations for morir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to die |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | morir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está muriendo) and past continuous (estaba muriendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. dying).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he muerdo and hubiera muerdo. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have died).
| Gerundio / Gerund | muriendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | muerdo |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I die” or “they die”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | muero |
| Tú | mueres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | muere |
| Nosotros / as | morimos |
| Vosotros / as | morís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | mueren |
| Vos | morís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I died” or “she died” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | morí | I died |
| Tú | moriste | You died |
| Él / Ella / Usted | murió | He / she / you died |
| Nosotros / as | morimos | We died |
| Vosotros / as | moristeis | You died |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | murieron | They / you died |
| Vos | moriste | You died |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was dying” or “she was dying” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | moría | I was dying |
| Tú | morías | You were dying |
| Él / Ella / Usted | moría | He was / she was / you were dying |
| Nosotros / as | moríamos | We were dying |
| Vosotros / as | moríais | You were dying |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | morían | They / you were dying |
| Vos | morías | You were dying |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have died” and “she has died”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he muerdo | I have died |
| Tú | has muerdo | You have died |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha muerdo | He has / she has / you have died |
| Nosotros / as | hemos muerdo | We have died |
| Vosotros / as | habéis muerdo | You have died |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han muerdo | They / you have died |
| Vos | has muerdo | You have died |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would die” or “she would die”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | moriría | I would die |
| Tú | morirías | You would die |
| Él / Ella / Usted | moriría | He / she / you would die |
| Nosotros / as | moriríamos | We would die |
| Vosotros / as | moriríais | You would die |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | morirían | They / you would die |
| Vos | morirías | You would die |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will die” or “they will die”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a morir” means “They are going to die”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | moriré | I will die |
| Tú | morirás | You will die |
| Él / Ella / Usted | morirá | He / she / you will die |
| Nosotros / as | moriremos | We will die |
| Vosotros / as | moriréis | You will die |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | morirán | They / you will die |
| Vos | morirás | You will die |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | muera |
| Tú | mueras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | muera |
| Nosotros / as | muramos |
| Vosotros / as | muráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | mueran |
| Vos | mueras |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | muriera | muriese |
| Tú | murieras | muriese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | muriera | muriese |
| Nosotros / as | muriéramos | muriésemos |
| Vosotros / as | murierais | murieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | murieran | muriesen |
| Vos | murieras | muriese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | muriere |
| Tú | murieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | muriera |
| Nosotros / as | muriéremos |
| Vosotros / as | muriereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | murieren |
| Vos | murieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “die!” and “don’t die!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | muere | no mueras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | muera | no muera |
| Nosotros / as | muramos | no muramos |
| Vosotros / as | morid | no muráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | mueran | no mueran |
| Vos | morí | no mueras |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya muerdo |
| Tú | hayas muerdo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya muerdo |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos muerdo |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis muerdo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan muerdo |
| Vos | hayas muerdo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera muerdo / hubiese muerdo |
| Tú | hubieras muerdo / hubieses muerdo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera muerdo / hubiese muerdo |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos muerdo / hubiésemos muerdo |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais muerdo / hubieseis muerdo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran muerdo / hubiesen muerdo |
| Vos | hubieras muerdo / hubieses muerdo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere muerdo |
| Tú | hubieres muerdo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere muerdo |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos muerdo |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis muerdo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren muerdo |
| Vos | hubieres muerdo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté muriendo |
| Tú | estés muriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté muriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos muriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis muriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén muriendo |
| Vos | estés muriendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera muriendo / estuviese muriendo |
| Tú | estuvieras muriendo / estuvieses muriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera muriendo / estuviese muriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos muriendo / estuviésamos muriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais muriendo / estuvieseis muriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera muriendo / estuviese muriendo |
| Vos | estuvieras muriendo / estuvieses muriendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere muriendo |
| Tú | estuvieres muriendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere muriendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos muriendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis muriendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere muriendo |
| Vos | estuvieres muriendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos morís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos moriste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos morías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos morirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos morirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos mueras |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos murieras / Vos muriese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos morí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no mueras |
