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Endulzar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to sweeten, soften”.
Below are all of the conjugations for endulzar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to sweeten, soften |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | endulzar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está endulzando) and past continuous (estaba endulzando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. sweetening).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he endulzado and hubiera endulzado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have sweetened).
| Gerundio / Gerund | endulzando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | endulzado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I sweeten” or “they sweeten”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | endulzo |
| Tú | endulzas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulza |
| Nosotros / as | endulzamos |
| Vosotros / as | endulzáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzan |
| Vos | endulzás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I sweetened” or “she sweetened” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | endulcé | I sweetened |
| Tú | endulzaste | You sweetened |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzó | He / she / you sweetened |
| Nosotros / as | endulzamos | We sweetened |
| Vosotros / as | endulzasteis | You sweetened |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzaron | They / you sweetened |
| Vos | endulzaste | You sweetened |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was sweetening” or “she was sweetening” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | endulzaba | I was sweetening |
| Tú | endulzabas | You were sweetening |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzaba | He was / she was / you were sweetening |
| Nosotros / as | endulzábamos | We were sweetening |
| Vosotros / as | endulzabais | You were sweetening |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzaban | They / you were sweetening |
| Vos | endulzabas | You were sweetening |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have sweetened” and “she has sweetened”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he endulzado | I have sweetened |
| Tú | has endulzado | You have sweetened |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha endulzado | He has / she has / you have sweetened |
| Nosotros / as | hemos endulzado | We have sweetened |
| Vosotros / as | habéis endulzado | You have sweetened |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han endulzado | They / you have sweetened |
| Vos | has endulzado | You have sweetened |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would sweeten” or “she would sweeten”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | endulzaría | I would sweeten |
| Tú | endulzarías | You would sweeten |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzaría | He / she / you would sweeten |
| Nosotros / as | endulzaríamos | We would sweeten |
| Vosotros / as | endulzaríais | You would sweeten |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzarían | They / you would sweeten |
| Vos | endulzarías | You would sweeten |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will sweeten” or “they will sweeten”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a endulzar” means “They are going to sweeten”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | endulzaré | I will sweeten |
| Tú | endulzarás | You will sweeten |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzará | He / she / you will sweeten |
| Nosotros / as | endulzaremos | We will sweeten |
| Vosotros / as | endulzaréis | You will sweeten |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzarán | They / you will sweeten |
| Vos | endulzarás | You will sweeten |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | endulce |
| Tú | endulces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulce |
| Nosotros / as | endulcemos |
| Vosotros / as | endulcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulcen |
| Vos | endulces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | endulzara | endulzase |
| Tú | endulzaras | endulzase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzara | endulzase |
| Nosotros / as | endulzáramos | endulzásemos |
| Vosotros / as | endulzarais | endulzaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzaran | endulzasen |
| Vos | endulzaras | endulzase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | endulzare |
| Tú | endulzares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulzare |
| Nosotros / as | endulzáremos |
| Vosotros / as | endulzareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulzaren |
| Vos | endulzares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “sweeten!” and “don’t sweeten!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | endulza | no endulces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | endulce | no endulce |
| Nosotros / as | endulcemos | no endulcemos |
| Vosotros / as | endulzad | no endulcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | endulcen | no endulcen |
| Vos | endulzá | no endulces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya endulzado |
| Tú | hayas endulzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya endulzado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos endulzado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis endulzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan endulzado |
| Vos | hayas endulzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera endulzado / hubiese endulzado |
| Tú | hubieras endulzado / hubieses endulzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera endulzado / hubiese endulzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos endulzado / hubiésemos endulzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais endulzado / hubieseis endulzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran endulzado / hubiesen endulzado |
| Vos | hubieras endulzado / hubieses endulzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere endulzado |
| Tú | hubieres endulzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere endulzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos endulzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis endulzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren endulzado |
| Vos | hubieres endulzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté endulzando |
| Tú | estés endulzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté endulzando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos endulzando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis endulzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén endulzando |
| Vos | estés endulzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera endulzando / estuviese endulzando |
| Tú | estuvieras endulzando / estuvieses endulzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera endulzando / estuviese endulzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos endulzando / estuviésamos endulzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais endulzando / estuvieseis endulzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera endulzando / estuviese endulzando |
| Vos | estuvieras endulzando / estuvieses endulzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere endulzando |
| Tú | estuvieres endulzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere endulzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos endulzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis endulzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere endulzando |
| Vos | estuvieres endulzando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos endulzás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos endulzaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos endulzabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos endulzarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos endulzarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos endulces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos endulzaras / Vos endulzase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos endulzá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no endulces |