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Enviciarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to become addicted to”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me envicio) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que enviciarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for enviciarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to become addicted to |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | enviciarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está enviciándose) and past continuous (estaba enviciándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. becoming addicted to).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he enviciado and hubiera enviciado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have become addicted to).
| Gerundio / Gerund | enviciándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | enviciado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I become addicted to” or “they become addicted to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me envicio |
| Tú | te envicias |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se envicia |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciamos |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se envician |
| Vos | enviciás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I became addicted to” or “she became addicted to” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me envicié | I became addicted to |
| Tú | te enviciaste | You became addicted to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se envició | He / she / you became addicted to |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciamos | We became addicted to |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciasteis | You became addicted to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciaron | They / you became addicted to |
| Vos | te enviciaste | You became addicted to |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was becoming addicted to” or “she was becoming addicted to” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me enviciaba | I was becoming addicted to |
| Tú | te enviciabas | You were becoming addicted to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se enviciaba | He was / she was / you were becoming addicted to |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciábamos | We were becoming addicted to |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciabais | You were becoming addicted to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciaban | They / you were becoming addicted to |
| Vos | te enviciabas | You were becoming addicted to |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have become addicted to” and “she has become addicted to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he enviciado | I have become addicted to |
| Tú | te has enviciado | You have become addicted to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha enviciado | He has / she has / you have become addicted to |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos enviciado | We have become addicted to |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis enviciado | You have become addicted to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han enviciado | They / you have become addicted to |
| Vos | te has enviciado | You have become addicted to |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would become addicted to” or “she would become addicted to”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me enviciaría | I would become addicted to |
| Tú | te enviciarías | You would become addicted to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se enviciaría | He / she / you would become addicted to |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciaríamos | We would become addicted to |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciaríais | You would become addicted to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciarían | They / you would become addicted to |
| Vos | te enviciarías | You would become addicted to |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will become addicted to” or “they will become addicted to”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a enviciarse” means “They are going to become addicted to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me enviciaré | I will become addicted to |
| Tú | te enviciarás | You will become addicted to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se enviciará | He / she / you will become addicted to |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciaremos | We will become addicted to |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciaréis | You will become addicted to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciarán | They / you will become addicted to |
| Vos | te enviciarás | You will become addicted to |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me envicie |
| Tú | te envicies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se envicie |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciemos |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se envicien |
| Vos | te envicies |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me enviciara | me enviciase |
| Tú | te enviciaras | me enviciase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se enviciara | se enviciase |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciáramos | nos enviciásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciarais | os enviciaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciaran | se enviciasen |
| Vos | te enviciaras | me enviciase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me enviciare |
| Tú | te enviciares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se enviciare |
| Nosotros / as | nos enviciáremos |
| Vosotros / as | os enviciareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se enviciaren |
| Vos | te enviciares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “become addicted to!” and “don’t become addicted to!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | enviciate | no te envicies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enviciese | no se envicie |
| Nosotros / as | enviciémonos | no nos enviciemos |
| Vosotros / as | enviciaos | no os enviciéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enviciense | no se envicien |
| Vos | enviciá | no te envicies |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya enviciado |
| Tú | hayas enviciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya enviciado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos enviciado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis enviciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan enviciado |
| Vos | hayas enviciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera enviciado / hubiese enviciado |
| Tú | hubieras enviciado / hubieses enviciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera enviciado / hubiese enviciado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos enviciado / hubiésemos enviciado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais enviciado / hubieseis enviciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran enviciado / hubiesen enviciado |
| Vos | hubieras enviciado / hubieses enviciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere enviciado |
| Tú | hubieres enviciado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere enviciado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos enviciado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis enviciado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren enviciado |
| Vos | hubieres enviciado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté enviciándose |
| Tú | estés enviciándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté enviciándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos enviciándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis enviciándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén enviciándose |
| Vos | estés enviciándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera enviciándose / estuviese enviciándose |
| Tú | estuvieras enviciándose / estuvieses enviciándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera enviciándose / estuviese enviciándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos enviciándose / estuviésamos enviciándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais enviciándose / estuvieseis enviciándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera enviciándose / estuviese enviciándose |
| Vos | estuvieras enviciándose / estuvieses enviciándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere enviciándose |
| Tú | estuvieres enviciándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere enviciándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos enviciándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis enviciándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere enviciándose |
| Vos | estuvieres enviciándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos enviciás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te enviciaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te enviciabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te enviciarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te enviciarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te envicies |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te enviciaras / Vos me enviciase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos enviciá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te envicies |