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Esbozar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to sketch, outline”.
Below are all of the conjugations for esbozar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to sketch, outline |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | esbozar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está esbozando) and past continuous (estaba esbozando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. sketching).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he esbozado and hubiera esbozado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have sketched).
| Gerundio / Gerund | esbozando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | esbozado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I sketch” or “they sketch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esbozo |
| Tú | esbozas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esboza |
| Nosotros / as | esbozamos |
| Vosotros / as | esbozáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozan |
| Vos | esbozás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I sketched” or “she sketched” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esbocé | I sketched |
| Tú | esbozaste | You sketched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozó | He / she / you sketched |
| Nosotros / as | esbozamos | We sketched |
| Vosotros / as | esbozasteis | You sketched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozaron | They / you sketched |
| Vos | esbozaste | You sketched |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was sketching” or “she was sketching” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esbozaba | I was sketching |
| Tú | esbozabas | You were sketching |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozaba | He was / she was / you were sketching |
| Nosotros / as | esbozábamos | We were sketching |
| Vosotros / as | esbozabais | You were sketching |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozaban | They / you were sketching |
| Vos | esbozabas | You were sketching |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have sketched” and “she has sketched”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he esbozado | I have sketched |
| Tú | has esbozado | You have sketched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha esbozado | He has / she has / you have sketched |
| Nosotros / as | hemos esbozado | We have sketched |
| Vosotros / as | habéis esbozado | You have sketched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han esbozado | They / you have sketched |
| Vos | has esbozado | You have sketched |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would sketch” or “she would sketch”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esbozaría | I would sketch |
| Tú | esbozarías | You would sketch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozaría | He / she / you would sketch |
| Nosotros / as | esbozaríamos | We would sketch |
| Vosotros / as | esbozaríais | You would sketch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozarían | They / you would sketch |
| Vos | esbozarías | You would sketch |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will sketch” or “they will sketch”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a esbozar” means “They are going to sketch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esbozaré | I will sketch |
| Tú | esbozarás | You will sketch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozará | He / she / you will sketch |
| Nosotros / as | esbozaremos | We will sketch |
| Vosotros / as | esbozaréis | You will sketch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozarán | They / you will sketch |
| Vos | esbozarás | You will sketch |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esboce |
| Tú | esboces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esboce |
| Nosotros / as | esbocemos |
| Vosotros / as | esbocéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbocen |
| Vos | esboces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | esbozara | esbozase |
| Tú | esbozaras | esbozase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozara | esbozase |
| Nosotros / as | esbozáramos | esbozásemos |
| Vosotros / as | esbozarais | esbozaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozaran | esbozasen |
| Vos | esbozaras | esbozase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esbozare |
| Tú | esbozares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esbozare |
| Nosotros / as | esbozáremos |
| Vosotros / as | esbozareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbozaren |
| Vos | esbozares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “sketch!” and “don’t sketch!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | esboza | no esboces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esboce | no esboce |
| Nosotros / as | esbocemos | no esbocemos |
| Vosotros / as | esbozad | no esbocéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | esbocen | no esbocen |
| Vos | esbozá | no esboces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya esbozado |
| Tú | hayas esbozado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya esbozado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos esbozado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis esbozado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan esbozado |
| Vos | hayas esbozado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera esbozado / hubiese esbozado |
| Tú | hubieras esbozado / hubieses esbozado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera esbozado / hubiese esbozado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos esbozado / hubiésemos esbozado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais esbozado / hubieseis esbozado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran esbozado / hubiesen esbozado |
| Vos | hubieras esbozado / hubieses esbozado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere esbozado |
| Tú | hubieres esbozado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere esbozado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos esbozado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis esbozado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren esbozado |
| Vos | hubieres esbozado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté esbozando |
| Tú | estés esbozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté esbozando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos esbozando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis esbozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén esbozando |
| Vos | estés esbozando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera esbozando / estuviese esbozando |
| Tú | estuvieras esbozando / estuvieses esbozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera esbozando / estuviese esbozando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos esbozando / estuviésamos esbozando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais esbozando / estuvieseis esbozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera esbozando / estuviese esbozando |
| Vos | estuvieras esbozando / estuvieses esbozando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere esbozando |
| Tú | estuvieres esbozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere esbozando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos esbozando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis esbozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere esbozando |
| Vos | estuvieres esbozando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos esbozás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos esbozaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos esbozabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos esbozarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos esbozarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos esboces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos esbozaras / Vos esbozase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos esbozá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no esboces |