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Escupir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to spit”.
Below are all of the conjugations for escupir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to spit |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | escupir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está escupiendo) and past continuous (estaba escupiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. spitting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he escupido and hubiera escupido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have spit).
| Gerundio / Gerund | escupiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | escupido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I spit” or “they spit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | escupo |
| Tú | escupes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupe |
| Nosotros / as | escupimos |
| Vosotros / as | escupís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupen |
| Vos | escupís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I spat” or “she spat” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | escupí | I spat |
| Tú | escupiste | You spat |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupió | He / she / you spat |
| Nosotros / as | escupimos | We spat |
| Vosotros / as | escupisteis | You spat |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupieron | They / you spat |
| Vos | escupiste | You spat |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was spitting” or “she was spitting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | escupía | I was spitting |
| Tú | escupías | You were spitting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupía | He was / she was / you were spitting |
| Nosotros / as | escupíamos | We were spitting |
| Vosotros / as | escupíais | You were spitting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupían | They / you were spitting |
| Vos | escupías | You were spitting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have spit” and “she has spit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he escupido | I have spit |
| Tú | has escupido | You have spit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha escupido | He has / she has / you have spit |
| Nosotros / as | hemos escupido | We have spit |
| Vosotros / as | habéis escupido | You have spit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han escupido | They / you have spit |
| Vos | has escupido | You have spit |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would spit” or “she would spit”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | escupiría | I would spit |
| Tú | escupirías | You would spit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupiría | He / she / you would spit |
| Nosotros / as | escupiríamos | We would spit |
| Vosotros / as | escupiríais | You would spit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupirían | They / you would spit |
| Vos | escupirías | You would spit |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will spit” or “they will spit”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a escupir” means “They are going to spit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | escupiré | I will spit |
| Tú | escupirás | You will spit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupirá | He / she / you will spit |
| Nosotros / as | escupiremos | We will spit |
| Vosotros / as | escupiréis | You will spit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupirán | They / you will spit |
| Vos | escupirás | You will spit |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | escupa |
| Tú | escupas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupa |
| Nosotros / as | escupamos |
| Vosotros / as | escupáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupan |
| Vos | escupas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | escupiera | escupiese |
| Tú | escupieras | escupiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupiera | escupiese |
| Nosotros / as | escupiéramos | escupiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | escupierais | escupieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupieran | escupiesen |
| Vos | escupieras | escupiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | escupiere |
| Tú | escupieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupiera |
| Nosotros / as | escupiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | escupiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupieren |
| Vos | escupieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “spit!” and “don’t spit!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | escupe | no escupas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | escupa | no escupa |
| Nosotros / as | escupamos | no escupamos |
| Vosotros / as | escupid | no escupáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | escupan | no escupan |
| Vos | escupí | no escupas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya escupido |
| Tú | hayas escupido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya escupido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos escupido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis escupido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan escupido |
| Vos | hayas escupido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera escupido / hubiese escupido |
| Tú | hubieras escupido / hubieses escupido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera escupido / hubiese escupido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos escupido / hubiésemos escupido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais escupido / hubieseis escupido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran escupido / hubiesen escupido |
| Vos | hubieras escupido / hubieses escupido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere escupido |
| Tú | hubieres escupido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere escupido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos escupido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis escupido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren escupido |
| Vos | hubieres escupido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté escupiendo |
| Tú | estés escupiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté escupiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos escupiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis escupiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén escupiendo |
| Vos | estés escupiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera escupiendo / estuviese escupiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras escupiendo / estuvieses escupiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera escupiendo / estuviese escupiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos escupiendo / estuviésamos escupiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais escupiendo / estuvieseis escupiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera escupiendo / estuviese escupiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras escupiendo / estuvieses escupiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere escupiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres escupiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere escupiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos escupiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis escupiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere escupiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres escupiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos escupís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos escupiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos escupías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos escupirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos escupirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos escupas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos escupieras / Vos escupiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos escupí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no escupas |