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Estigmatizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to stigmatize, brand”.
Below are all of the conjugations for estigmatizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to stigmatize, brand |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | estigmatizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está estigmatizando) and past continuous (estaba estigmatizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. stigmatizing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he estigmatizado and hubiera estigmatizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have stigmatized).
| Gerundio / Gerund | estigmatizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | estigmatizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I stigmatize” or “they stigmatize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizo |
| Tú | estigmatizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatiza |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizamos |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizan |
| Vos | estigmatizás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I stigmatized” or “she stigmatized” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estigmaticé | I stigmatized |
| Tú | estigmatizaste | You stigmatized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizó | He / she / you stigmatized |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizamos | We stigmatized |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizasteis | You stigmatized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizaron | They / you stigmatized |
| Vos | estigmatizaste | You stigmatized |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was stigmatizing” or “she was stigmatizing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizaba | I was stigmatizing |
| Tú | estigmatizabas | You were stigmatizing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizaba | He was / she was / you were stigmatizing |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizábamos | We were stigmatizing |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizabais | You were stigmatizing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizaban | They / you were stigmatizing |
| Vos | estigmatizabas | You were stigmatizing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have stigmatized” and “she has stigmatized”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he estigmatizado | I have stigmatized |
| Tú | has estigmatizado | You have stigmatized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha estigmatizado | He has / she has / you have stigmatized |
| Nosotros / as | hemos estigmatizado | We have stigmatized |
| Vosotros / as | habéis estigmatizado | You have stigmatized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han estigmatizado | They / you have stigmatized |
| Vos | has estigmatizado | You have stigmatized |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would stigmatize” or “she would stigmatize”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizaría | I would stigmatize |
| Tú | estigmatizarías | You would stigmatize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizaría | He / she / you would stigmatize |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizaríamos | We would stigmatize |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizaríais | You would stigmatize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizarían | They / you would stigmatize |
| Vos | estigmatizarías | You would stigmatize |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will stigmatize” or “they will stigmatize”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a estigmatizar” means “They are going to stigmatize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizaré | I will stigmatize |
| Tú | estigmatizarás | You will stigmatize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizará | He / she / you will stigmatize |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizaremos | We will stigmatize |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizaréis | You will stigmatize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizarán | They / you will stigmatize |
| Vos | estigmatizarás | You will stigmatize |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatice |
| Tú | estigmatices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatice |
| Nosotros / as | estigmaticemos |
| Vosotros / as | estigmaticéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmaticen |
| Vos | estigmatices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizara | estigmatizase |
| Tú | estigmatizaras | estigmatizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizara | estigmatizase |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizáramos | estigmatizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizarais | estigmatizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizaran | estigmatizasen |
| Vos | estigmatizaras | estigmatizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estigmatizare |
| Tú | estigmatizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatizare |
| Nosotros / as | estigmatizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmatizaren |
| Vos | estigmatizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “stigmatize!” and “don’t stigmatize!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | estigmatiza | no estigmatices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estigmatice | no estigmatice |
| Nosotros / as | estigmaticemos | no estigmaticemos |
| Vosotros / as | estigmatizad | no estigmaticéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estigmaticen | no estigmaticen |
| Vos | estigmatizá | no estigmatices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya estigmatizado |
| Tú | hayas estigmatizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya estigmatizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos estigmatizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis estigmatizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan estigmatizado |
| Vos | hayas estigmatizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera estigmatizado / hubiese estigmatizado |
| Tú | hubieras estigmatizado / hubieses estigmatizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera estigmatizado / hubiese estigmatizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos estigmatizado / hubiésemos estigmatizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais estigmatizado / hubieseis estigmatizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran estigmatizado / hubiesen estigmatizado |
| Vos | hubieras estigmatizado / hubieses estigmatizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere estigmatizado |
| Tú | hubieres estigmatizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere estigmatizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos estigmatizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis estigmatizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren estigmatizado |
| Vos | hubieres estigmatizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté estigmatizando |
| Tú | estés estigmatizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté estigmatizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos estigmatizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis estigmatizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén estigmatizando |
| Vos | estés estigmatizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera estigmatizando / estuviese estigmatizando |
| Tú | estuvieras estigmatizando / estuvieses estigmatizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera estigmatizando / estuviese estigmatizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos estigmatizando / estuviésamos estigmatizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais estigmatizando / estuvieseis estigmatizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera estigmatizando / estuviese estigmatizando |
| Vos | estuvieras estigmatizando / estuvieses estigmatizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere estigmatizando |
| Tú | estuvieres estigmatizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere estigmatizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos estigmatizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis estigmatizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere estigmatizando |
| Vos | estuvieres estigmatizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos estigmatizás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos estigmatizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos estigmatizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos estigmatizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos estigmatizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos estigmatices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos estigmatizaras / Vos estigmatizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos estigmatizá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no estigmatices |