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Examinar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to examine, scan”.
Below are all of the conjugations for examinar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to examine, scan |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | examinar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está examinando) and past continuous (estaba examinando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. examining).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he examinado and hubiera examinado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have examined).
| Gerundio / Gerund | examinando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | examinado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I examine” or “they examine”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | examino |
| Tú | examinas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examina |
| Nosotros / as | examinamos |
| Vosotros / as | examináis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinan |
| Vos | examinás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I examined” or “she examined” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | examiné | I examined |
| Tú | examinaste | You examined |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinó | He / she / you examined |
| Nosotros / as | examinamos | We examined |
| Vosotros / as | examinasteis | You examined |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinaron | They / you examined |
| Vos | examinaste | You examined |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was examining” or “she was examining” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | examinaba | I was examining |
| Tú | examinabas | You were examining |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinaba | He was / she was / you were examining |
| Nosotros / as | examinábamos | We were examining |
| Vosotros / as | examinabais | You were examining |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinaban | They / you were examining |
| Vos | examinabas | You were examining |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have examined” and “she has examined”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he examinado | I have examined |
| Tú | has examinado | You have examined |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha examinado | He has / she has / you have examined |
| Nosotros / as | hemos examinado | We have examined |
| Vosotros / as | habéis examinado | You have examined |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han examinado | They / you have examined |
| Vos | has examinado | You have examined |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would examine” or “she would examine”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | examinaría | I would examine |
| Tú | examinarías | You would examine |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinaría | He / she / you would examine |
| Nosotros / as | examinaríamos | We would examine |
| Vosotros / as | examinaríais | You would examine |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinarían | They / you would examine |
| Vos | examinarías | You would examine |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will examine” or “they will examine”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a examinar” means “They are going to examine”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | examinaré | I will examine |
| Tú | examinarás | You will examine |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinará | He / she / you will examine |
| Nosotros / as | examinaremos | We will examine |
| Vosotros / as | examinaréis | You will examine |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinarán | They / you will examine |
| Vos | examinarás | You will examine |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | examine |
| Tú | examines |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examine |
| Nosotros / as | examinemos |
| Vosotros / as | examinéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinen |
| Vos | examines |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | examinara | examinase |
| Tú | examinaras | examinase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinara | examinase |
| Nosotros / as | examináramos | examinásemos |
| Vosotros / as | examinarais | examinaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinaran | examinasen |
| Vos | examinaras | examinase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | examinare |
| Tú | examinares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examinare |
| Nosotros / as | examináremos |
| Vosotros / as | examinareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinaren |
| Vos | examinares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “examine!” and “don’t examine!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | examina | no examines |
| Él / Ella / Usted | examine | no examine |
| Nosotros / as | examinemos | no examinemos |
| Vosotros / as | examinad | no examinéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | examinen | no examinen |
| Vos | examiná | no examines |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya examinado |
| Tú | hayas examinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya examinado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos examinado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis examinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan examinado |
| Vos | hayas examinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera examinado / hubiese examinado |
| Tú | hubieras examinado / hubieses examinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera examinado / hubiese examinado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos examinado / hubiésemos examinado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais examinado / hubieseis examinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran examinado / hubiesen examinado |
| Vos | hubieras examinado / hubieses examinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere examinado |
| Tú | hubieres examinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere examinado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos examinado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis examinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren examinado |
| Vos | hubieres examinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté examinando |
| Tú | estés examinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté examinando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos examinando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis examinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén examinando |
| Vos | estés examinando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera examinando / estuviese examinando |
| Tú | estuvieras examinando / estuvieses examinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera examinando / estuviese examinando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos examinando / estuviésamos examinando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais examinando / estuvieseis examinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera examinando / estuviese examinando |
| Vos | estuvieras examinando / estuvieses examinando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere examinando |
| Tú | estuvieres examinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere examinando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos examinando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis examinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere examinando |
| Vos | estuvieres examinando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos examinás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos examinaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos examinabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos examinarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos examinarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos examines |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos examinaras / Vos examinase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos examiná |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no examines |