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Forjar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to forge, form, make”.
Below are all of the conjugations for forjar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to forge, form, make |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | forjar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está forjando) and past continuous (estaba forjando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. forged).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he forged and hubiera forged. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have forging).
| Gerundio / Gerund | forjando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | forged |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I forge” or “they forge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | forjo |
| Tú | forjas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forja |
| Nosotros / as | forjamos |
| Vosotros / as | forjáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjan |
| Vos | forjás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I forge” or “she forge” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | forjé | I forge |
| Tú | forjaste | You forge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjó | He / she / you forge |
| Nosotros / as | forjamos | We forge |
| Vosotros / as | forjasteis | You forge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjaron | They / you forge |
| Vos | forjaste | You forge |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was forged” or “she was forged” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | forjaba | I was forged |
| Tú | forjabas | You were forged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjaba | He was / she was / you were forged |
| Nosotros / as | forjábamos | We were forged |
| Vosotros / as | forjabais | You were forged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjaban | They / you were forged |
| Vos | forjabas | You were forged |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have forging” and “she has forging”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he forged | I have forging |
| Tú | has forged | You have forging |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha forged | He has / she has / you have forging |
| Nosotros / as | hemos forged | We have forging |
| Vosotros / as | habéis forged | You have forging |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han forged | They / you have forging |
| Vos | has forged | You have forging |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would forge” or “she would forge”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | forjaría | I would forge |
| Tú | forjarías | You would forge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjaría | He / she / you would forge |
| Nosotros / as | forjaríamos | We would forge |
| Vosotros / as | forjaríais | You would forge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjarían | They / you would forge |
| Vos | forjarías | You would forge |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will forge” or “they will forge”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a forjar” means “They are going to forge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | forjaré | I will forge |
| Tú | forjarás | You will forge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjará | He / she / you will forge |
| Nosotros / as | forjaremos | We will forge |
| Vosotros / as | forjaréis | You will forge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjarán | They / you will forge |
| Vos | forjarás | You will forge |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | forje |
| Tú | forjes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forje |
| Nosotros / as | forjemos |
| Vosotros / as | forjéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjen |
| Vos | forjes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | forjara | forjase |
| Tú | forjaras | forjase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjara | forjase |
| Nosotros / as | forjáramos | forjásemos |
| Vosotros / as | forjarais | forjaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjaran | forjasen |
| Vos | forjaras | forjase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | forjare |
| Tú | forjares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forjare |
| Nosotros / as | forjáremos |
| Vosotros / as | forjareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjaren |
| Vos | forjares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “forge!” and “don’t forge!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | forja | no forjes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | forje | no forje |
| Nosotros / as | forjemos | no forjemos |
| Vosotros / as | forjad | no forjéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | forjen | no forjen |
| Vos | forjá | no forjes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya forged |
| Tú | hayas forged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya forged |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos forged |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis forged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan forged |
| Vos | hayas forged |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera forged / hubiese forged |
| Tú | hubieras forged / hubieses forged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera forged / hubiese forged |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos forged / hubiésemos forged |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais forged / hubieseis forged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran forged / hubiesen forged |
| Vos | hubieras forged / hubieses forged |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere forged |
| Tú | hubieres forged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere forged |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos forged |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis forged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren forged |
| Vos | hubieres forged |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté forjando |
| Tú | estés forjando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté forjando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos forjando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis forjando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén forjando |
| Vos | estés forjando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera forjando / estuviese forjando |
| Tú | estuvieras forjando / estuvieses forjando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera forjando / estuviese forjando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos forjando / estuviésamos forjando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais forjando / estuvieseis forjando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera forjando / estuviese forjando |
| Vos | estuvieras forjando / estuvieses forjando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere forjando |
| Tú | estuvieres forjando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere forjando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos forjando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis forjando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere forjando |
| Vos | estuvieres forjando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos forjás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos forjaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos forjabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos forjarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos forjarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos forjes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos forjaras / Vos forjase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos forjá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no forjes |