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Girar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to turn round, spin, revolve”.
Below are all of the conjugations for girar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to turn round, spin, revolve |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | girar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está girando) and past continuous (estaba girando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. turned round).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he turned round and hubiera turned round. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have turning round).
| Gerundio / Gerund | girando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | turned round |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I turn round” or “they turn round”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | giro |
| Tú | giras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gira |
| Nosotros / as | giramos |
| Vosotros / as | giráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giran |
| Vos | girás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I turn round” or “she turn round” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | giré | I turn round |
| Tú | giraste | You turn round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | giró | He / she / you turn round |
| Nosotros / as | giramos | We turn round |
| Vosotros / as | girasteis | You turn round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giraron | They / you turn round |
| Vos | giraste | You turn round |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was turned round” or “she was turned round” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | giraba | I was turned round |
| Tú | girabas | You were turned round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | giraba | He was / she was / you were turned round |
| Nosotros / as | girábamos | We were turned round |
| Vosotros / as | girabais | You were turned round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giraban | They / you were turned round |
| Vos | girabas | You were turned round |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have turning round” and “she has turning round”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he turned round | I have turning round |
| Tú | has turned round | You have turning round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha turned round | He has / she has / you have turning round |
| Nosotros / as | hemos turned round | We have turning round |
| Vosotros / as | habéis turned round | You have turning round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han turned round | They / you have turning round |
| Vos | has turned round | You have turning round |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would turn round” or “she would turn round”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | giraría | I would turn round |
| Tú | girarías | You would turn round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | giraría | He / she / you would turn round |
| Nosotros / as | giraríamos | We would turn round |
| Vosotros / as | giraríais | You would turn round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | girarían | They / you would turn round |
| Vos | girarías | You would turn round |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will turn round” or “they will turn round”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a girar” means “They are going to turn round”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | giraré | I will turn round |
| Tú | girarás | You will turn round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | girará | He / she / you will turn round |
| Nosotros / as | giraremos | We will turn round |
| Vosotros / as | giraréis | You will turn round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | girarán | They / you will turn round |
| Vos | girarás | You will turn round |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gire |
| Tú | gires |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gire |
| Nosotros / as | giremos |
| Vosotros / as | giréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giren |
| Vos | gires |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | girara | girase |
| Tú | giraras | girase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | girara | girase |
| Nosotros / as | giráramos | girásemos |
| Vosotros / as | girarais | giraseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giraran | girasen |
| Vos | giraras | girase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | girare |
| Tú | girares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | girare |
| Nosotros / as | giráremos |
| Vosotros / as | girareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giraren |
| Vos | girares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “turn round!” and “don’t turn round!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | gira | no gires |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gire | no gire |
| Nosotros / as | giremos | no giremos |
| Vosotros / as | girad | no giréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | giren | no giren |
| Vos | girá | no gires |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya turned round |
| Tú | hayas turned round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya turned round |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos turned round |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis turned round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan turned round |
| Vos | hayas turned round |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera turned round / hubiese turned round |
| Tú | hubieras turned round / hubieses turned round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera turned round / hubiese turned round |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos turned round / hubiésemos turned round |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais turned round / hubieseis turned round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran turned round / hubiesen turned round |
| Vos | hubieras turned round / hubieses turned round |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere turned round |
| Tú | hubieres turned round |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere turned round |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos turned round |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis turned round |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren turned round |
| Vos | hubieres turned round |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté girando |
| Tú | estés girando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté girando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos girando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis girando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén girando |
| Vos | estés girando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera girando / estuviese girando |
| Tú | estuvieras girando / estuvieses girando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera girando / estuviese girando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos girando / estuviésamos girando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais girando / estuvieseis girando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera girando / estuviese girando |
| Vos | estuvieras girando / estuvieses girando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere girando |
| Tú | estuvieres girando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere girando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos girando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis girando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere girando |
| Vos | estuvieres girando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos girás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos giraste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos girabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos girarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos girarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos gires |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos giraras / Vos girase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos girá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no gires |