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Gozar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to enjoy, possess”.
Below are all of the conjugations for gozar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to enjoy, possess |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | gozar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está gozando) and past continuous (estaba gozando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. enjoyed).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he enjoyed and hubiera enjoyed. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have enjoying).
| Gerundio / Gerund | gozando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | enjoyed |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I enjoy” or “they enjoy”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gozo |
| Tú | gozas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | goza |
| Nosotros / as | gozamos |
| Vosotros / as | gozáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozan |
| Vos | gozás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I enjoy” or “she enjoy” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gocé | I enjoy |
| Tú | gozaste | You enjoy |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozó | He / she / you enjoy |
| Nosotros / as | gozamos | We enjoy |
| Vosotros / as | gozasteis | You enjoy |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozaron | They / you enjoy |
| Vos | gozaste | You enjoy |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was enjoyed” or “she was enjoyed” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gozaba | I was enjoyed |
| Tú | gozabas | You were enjoyed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozaba | He was / she was / you were enjoyed |
| Nosotros / as | gozábamos | We were enjoyed |
| Vosotros / as | gozabais | You were enjoyed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozaban | They / you were enjoyed |
| Vos | gozabas | You were enjoyed |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have enjoying” and “she has enjoying”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he enjoyed | I have enjoying |
| Tú | has enjoyed | You have enjoying |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha enjoyed | He has / she has / you have enjoying |
| Nosotros / as | hemos enjoyed | We have enjoying |
| Vosotros / as | habéis enjoyed | You have enjoying |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han enjoyed | They / you have enjoying |
| Vos | has enjoyed | You have enjoying |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would enjoy” or “she would enjoy”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gozaría | I would enjoy |
| Tú | gozarías | You would enjoy |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozaría | He / she / you would enjoy |
| Nosotros / as | gozaríamos | We would enjoy |
| Vosotros / as | gozaríais | You would enjoy |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozarían | They / you would enjoy |
| Vos | gozarías | You would enjoy |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will enjoy” or “they will enjoy”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a gozar” means “They are going to enjoy”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gozaré | I will enjoy |
| Tú | gozarás | You will enjoy |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozará | He / she / you will enjoy |
| Nosotros / as | gozaremos | We will enjoy |
| Vosotros / as | gozaréis | You will enjoy |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozarán | They / you will enjoy |
| Vos | gozarás | You will enjoy |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | goce |
| Tú | goces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | goce |
| Nosotros / as | gocemos |
| Vosotros / as | gocéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gocen |
| Vos | goces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gozara | gozase |
| Tú | gozaras | gozase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozara | gozase |
| Nosotros / as | gozáramos | gozásemos |
| Vosotros / as | gozarais | gozaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozaran | gozasen |
| Vos | gozaras | gozase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gozare |
| Tú | gozares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gozare |
| Nosotros / as | gozáremos |
| Vosotros / as | gozareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gozaren |
| Vos | gozares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “enjoy!” and “don’t enjoy!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | goza | no goces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | goce | no goce |
| Nosotros / as | gocemos | no gocemos |
| Vosotros / as | gozad | no gocéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gocen | no gocen |
| Vos | gozá | no goces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya enjoyed |
| Tú | hayas enjoyed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya enjoyed |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos enjoyed |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis enjoyed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan enjoyed |
| Vos | hayas enjoyed |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera enjoyed / hubiese enjoyed |
| Tú | hubieras enjoyed / hubieses enjoyed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera enjoyed / hubiese enjoyed |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos enjoyed / hubiésemos enjoyed |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais enjoyed / hubieseis enjoyed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran enjoyed / hubiesen enjoyed |
| Vos | hubieras enjoyed / hubieses enjoyed |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere enjoyed |
| Tú | hubieres enjoyed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere enjoyed |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos enjoyed |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis enjoyed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren enjoyed |
| Vos | hubieres enjoyed |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté gozando |
| Tú | estés gozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté gozando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos gozando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis gozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén gozando |
| Vos | estés gozando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera gozando / estuviese gozando |
| Tú | estuvieras gozando / estuvieses gozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera gozando / estuviese gozando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos gozando / estuviésamos gozando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais gozando / estuvieseis gozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera gozando / estuviese gozando |
| Vos | estuvieras gozando / estuvieses gozando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere gozando |
| Tú | estuvieres gozando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere gozando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos gozando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis gozando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere gozando |
| Vos | estuvieres gozando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos gozás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos gozaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos gozabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos gozarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos gozarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos goces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos gozaras / Vos gozase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos gozá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no goces |