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Infestar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to infest”.
Below are all of the conjugations for infestar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to infest |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | infestar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está infestando) and past continuous (estaba infestando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. infesting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he infestado and hubiera infestado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have infested).
| Gerundio / Gerund | infestando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | infestado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I infest” or “they infest”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infesto |
| Tú | infestas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infesta |
| Nosotros / as | infestamos |
| Vosotros / as | infestáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestan |
| Vos | infestás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I infested” or “she infested” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infesté | I infested |
| Tú | infestaste | You infested |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestó | He / she / you infested |
| Nosotros / as | infestamos | We infested |
| Vosotros / as | infestasteis | You infested |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestaron | They / you infested |
| Vos | infestaste | You infested |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was infesting” or “she was infesting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infestaba | I was infesting |
| Tú | infestabas | You were infesting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestaba | He was / she was / you were infesting |
| Nosotros / as | infestábamos | We were infesting |
| Vosotros / as | infestabais | You were infesting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestaban | They / you were infesting |
| Vos | infestabas | You were infesting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have infested” and “she has infested”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he infestado | I have infested |
| Tú | has infestado | You have infested |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha infestado | He has / she has / you have infested |
| Nosotros / as | hemos infestado | We have infested |
| Vosotros / as | habéis infestado | You have infested |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han infestado | They / you have infested |
| Vos | has infestado | You have infested |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would infest” or “she would infest”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infestaría | I would infest |
| Tú | infestarías | You would infest |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestaría | He / she / you would infest |
| Nosotros / as | infestaríamos | We would infest |
| Vosotros / as | infestaríais | You would infest |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestarían | They / you would infest |
| Vos | infestarías | You would infest |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will infest” or “they will infest”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a infestar” means “They are going to infest”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infestaré | I will infest |
| Tú | infestarás | You will infest |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestará | He / she / you will infest |
| Nosotros / as | infestaremos | We will infest |
| Vosotros / as | infestaréis | You will infest |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestarán | They / you will infest |
| Vos | infestarás | You will infest |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infeste |
| Tú | infestes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infeste |
| Nosotros / as | infestemos |
| Vosotros / as | infestéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infesten |
| Vos | infestes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infestara | infestase |
| Tú | infestaras | infestase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestara | infestase |
| Nosotros / as | infestáramos | infestásemos |
| Vosotros / as | infestarais | infestaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestaran | infestasen |
| Vos | infestaras | infestase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infestare |
| Tú | infestares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infestare |
| Nosotros / as | infestáremos |
| Vosotros / as | infestareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infestaren |
| Vos | infestares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “infest!” and “don’t infest!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | infesta | no infestes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infeste | no infeste |
| Nosotros / as | infestemos | no infestemos |
| Vosotros / as | infestad | no infestéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infesten | no infesten |
| Vos | infestá | no infestes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya infestado |
| Tú | hayas infestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya infestado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos infestado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis infestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan infestado |
| Vos | hayas infestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera infestado / hubiese infestado |
| Tú | hubieras infestado / hubieses infestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera infestado / hubiese infestado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos infestado / hubiésemos infestado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais infestado / hubieseis infestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran infestado / hubiesen infestado |
| Vos | hubieras infestado / hubieses infestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere infestado |
| Tú | hubieres infestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere infestado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos infestado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis infestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren infestado |
| Vos | hubieres infestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté infestando |
| Tú | estés infestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté infestando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos infestando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis infestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén infestando |
| Vos | estés infestando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera infestando / estuviese infestando |
| Tú | estuvieras infestando / estuvieses infestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera infestando / estuviese infestando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos infestando / estuviésamos infestando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais infestando / estuvieseis infestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera infestando / estuviese infestando |
| Vos | estuvieras infestando / estuvieses infestando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere infestando |
| Tú | estuvieres infestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere infestando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos infestando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis infestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere infestando |
| Vos | estuvieres infestando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos infestás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos infestaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos infestabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos infestarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos infestarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos infestes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos infestaras / Vos infestase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos infestá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no infestes |