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Intercalar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to insert, intercalate”.
Below are all of the conjugations for intercalar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to insert, intercalate |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | intercalar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está intercalando) and past continuous (estaba intercalando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. intercolating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he intercalado and hubiera intercalado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have intercolated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | intercalando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | intercalado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I intercolate” or “they intercolate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | intercalo |
| Tú | intercalas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercala |
| Nosotros / as | intercalamos |
| Vosotros / as | intercaláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalan |
| Vos | intercalás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I intercolated” or “she intercolated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | intercalé | I intercolated |
| Tú | intercalaste | You intercolated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercaló | He / she / you intercolated |
| Nosotros / as | intercalamos | We intercolated |
| Vosotros / as | intercalasteis | You intercolated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalaron | They / you intercolated |
| Vos | intercalaste | You intercolated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was intercolating” or “she was intercolating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | intercalaba | I was intercolating |
| Tú | intercalabas | You were intercolating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercalaba | He was / she was / you were intercolating |
| Nosotros / as | intercalábamos | We were intercolating |
| Vosotros / as | intercalabais | You were intercolating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalaban | They / you were intercolating |
| Vos | intercalabas | You were intercolating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have intercolated” and “she has intercolated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he intercalado | I have intercolated |
| Tú | has intercalado | You have intercolated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha intercalado | He has / she has / you have intercolated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos intercalado | We have intercolated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis intercalado | You have intercolated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han intercalado | They / you have intercolated |
| Vos | has intercalado | You have intercolated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would intercolate” or “she would intercolate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | intercalaría | I would intercolate |
| Tú | intercalarías | You would intercolate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercalaría | He / she / you would intercolate |
| Nosotros / as | intercalaríamos | We would intercolate |
| Vosotros / as | intercalaríais | You would intercolate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalarían | They / you would intercolate |
| Vos | intercalarías | You would intercolate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will intercolate” or “they will intercolate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a intercalar” means “They are going to intercolate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | intercalaré | I will intercolate |
| Tú | intercalarás | You will intercolate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercalará | He / she / you will intercolate |
| Nosotros / as | intercalaremos | We will intercolate |
| Vosotros / as | intercalaréis | You will intercolate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalarán | They / you will intercolate |
| Vos | intercalarás | You will intercolate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | intercale |
| Tú | intercales |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercale |
| Nosotros / as | intercalemos |
| Vosotros / as | intercaléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalen |
| Vos | intercales |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | intercalara | intercalase |
| Tú | intercalaras | intercalase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercalara | intercalase |
| Nosotros / as | intercaláramos | intercalásemos |
| Vosotros / as | intercalarais | intercalaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalaran | intercalasen |
| Vos | intercalaras | intercalase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | intercalare |
| Tú | intercalares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercalare |
| Nosotros / as | intercaláremos |
| Vosotros / as | intercalareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalaren |
| Vos | intercalares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “intercolate!” and “don’t intercolate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | intercala | no intercales |
| Él / Ella / Usted | intercale | no intercale |
| Nosotros / as | intercalemos | no intercalemos |
| Vosotros / as | intercalad | no intercaléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | intercalen | no intercalen |
| Vos | intercalá | no intercales |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya intercalado |
| Tú | hayas intercalado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya intercalado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos intercalado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis intercalado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan intercalado |
| Vos | hayas intercalado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera intercalado / hubiese intercalado |
| Tú | hubieras intercalado / hubieses intercalado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera intercalado / hubiese intercalado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos intercalado / hubiésemos intercalado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais intercalado / hubieseis intercalado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran intercalado / hubiesen intercalado |
| Vos | hubieras intercalado / hubieses intercalado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere intercalado |
| Tú | hubieres intercalado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere intercalado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos intercalado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis intercalado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren intercalado |
| Vos | hubieres intercalado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté intercalando |
| Tú | estés intercalando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté intercalando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos intercalando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis intercalando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén intercalando |
| Vos | estés intercalando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera intercalando / estuviese intercalando |
| Tú | estuvieras intercalando / estuvieses intercalando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera intercalando / estuviese intercalando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos intercalando / estuviésamos intercalando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais intercalando / estuvieseis intercalando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera intercalando / estuviese intercalando |
| Vos | estuvieras intercalando / estuvieses intercalando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere intercalando |
| Tú | estuvieres intercalando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere intercalando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos intercalando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis intercalando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere intercalando |
| Vos | estuvieres intercalando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos intercalás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos intercalaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos intercalabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos intercalarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos intercalarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos intercales |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos intercalaras / Vos intercalase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos intercalá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no intercales |