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Jubilar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to retire, be petitioned”.
Below are all of the conjugations for jubilar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to retire, be petitioned |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | jubilar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está jubilando) and past continuous (estaba jubilando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. retiring).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he jubilado and hubiera jubilado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have retired).
| Gerundio / Gerund | jubilando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | jubilado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I retire” or “they retire”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | jubilo |
| Tú | jubilas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubila |
| Nosotros / as | jubilamos |
| Vosotros / as | jubiláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilan |
| Vos | jubilás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I retired” or “she retired” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | jubilé | I retired |
| Tú | jubilaste | You retired |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubiló | He / she / you retired |
| Nosotros / as | jubilamos | We retired |
| Vosotros / as | jubilasteis | You retired |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilaron | They / you retired |
| Vos | jubilaste | You retired |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was retiring” or “she was retiring” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | jubilaba | I was retiring |
| Tú | jubilabas | You were retiring |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubilaba | He was / she was / you were retiring |
| Nosotros / as | jubilábamos | We were retiring |
| Vosotros / as | jubilabais | You were retiring |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilaban | They / you were retiring |
| Vos | jubilabas | You were retiring |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have retired” and “she has retired”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he jubilado | I have retired |
| Tú | has jubilado | You have retired |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha jubilado | He has / she has / you have retired |
| Nosotros / as | hemos jubilado | We have retired |
| Vosotros / as | habéis jubilado | You have retired |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han jubilado | They / you have retired |
| Vos | has jubilado | You have retired |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would retire” or “she would retire”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | jubilaría | I would retire |
| Tú | jubilarías | You would retire |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubilaría | He / she / you would retire |
| Nosotros / as | jubilaríamos | We would retire |
| Vosotros / as | jubilaríais | You would retire |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilarían | They / you would retire |
| Vos | jubilarías | You would retire |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will retire” or “they will retire”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a jubilar” means “They are going to retire”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | jubilaré | I will retire |
| Tú | jubilarás | You will retire |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubilará | He / she / you will retire |
| Nosotros / as | jubilaremos | We will retire |
| Vosotros / as | jubilaréis | You will retire |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilarán | They / you will retire |
| Vos | jubilarás | You will retire |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | jubile |
| Tú | jubiles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubile |
| Nosotros / as | jubilemos |
| Vosotros / as | jubiléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilen |
| Vos | jubiles |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | jubilara | jubilase |
| Tú | jubilaras | jubilase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubilara | jubilase |
| Nosotros / as | jubiláramos | jubilásemos |
| Vosotros / as | jubilarais | jubilaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilaran | jubilasen |
| Vos | jubilaras | jubilase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | jubilare |
| Tú | jubilares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubilare |
| Nosotros / as | jubiláremos |
| Vosotros / as | jubilareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilaren |
| Vos | jubilares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “retire!” and “don’t retire!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | jubila | no jubiles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | jubile | no jubile |
| Nosotros / as | jubilemos | no jubilemos |
| Vosotros / as | jubilad | no jubiléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | jubilen | no jubilen |
| Vos | jubilá | no jubiles |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya jubilado |
| Tú | hayas jubilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya jubilado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos jubilado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis jubilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan jubilado |
| Vos | hayas jubilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera jubilado / hubiese jubilado |
| Tú | hubieras jubilado / hubieses jubilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera jubilado / hubiese jubilado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos jubilado / hubiésemos jubilado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais jubilado / hubieseis jubilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran jubilado / hubiesen jubilado |
| Vos | hubieras jubilado / hubieses jubilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere jubilado |
| Tú | hubieres jubilado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere jubilado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos jubilado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis jubilado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren jubilado |
| Vos | hubieres jubilado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté jubilando |
| Tú | estés jubilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté jubilando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos jubilando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis jubilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén jubilando |
| Vos | estés jubilando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera jubilando / estuviese jubilando |
| Tú | estuvieras jubilando / estuvieses jubilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera jubilando / estuviese jubilando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos jubilando / estuviésamos jubilando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais jubilando / estuvieseis jubilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera jubilando / estuviese jubilando |
| Vos | estuvieras jubilando / estuvieses jubilando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere jubilando |
| Tú | estuvieres jubilando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere jubilando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos jubilando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis jubilando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere jubilando |
| Vos | estuvieres jubilando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos jubilás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos jubilaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos jubilabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos jubilarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos jubilarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos jubiles |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos jubilaras / Vos jubilase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos jubilá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no jubiles |