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Listar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to enter into a list”.
Below are all of the conjugations for listar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to enter into a list |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | listar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está listando) and past continuous (estaba listando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. entering into a list).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he listado and hubiera listado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have entered into a list).
| Gerundio / Gerund | listando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | listado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I enter into a list” or “they enter into a list”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | listo |
| Tú | listas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | lista |
| Nosotros / as | listamos |
| Vosotros / as | listáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listan |
| Vos | listás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I entered into a list” or “she entered into a list” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | listé | I entered into a list |
| Tú | listaste | You entered into a list |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listó | He / she / you entered into a list |
| Nosotros / as | listamos | We entered into a list |
| Vosotros / as | listasteis | You entered into a list |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listaron | They / you entered into a list |
| Vos | listaste | You entered into a list |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was entering into a list” or “she was entering into a list” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | listaba | I was entering into a list |
| Tú | listabas | You were entering into a list |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listaba | He was / she was / you were entering into a list |
| Nosotros / as | listábamos | We were entering into a list |
| Vosotros / as | listabais | You were entering into a list |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listaban | They / you were entering into a list |
| Vos | listabas | You were entering into a list |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have entered into a list” and “she has entered into a list”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he listado | I have entered into a list |
| Tú | has listado | You have entered into a list |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha listado | He has / she has / you have entered into a list |
| Nosotros / as | hemos listado | We have entered into a list |
| Vosotros / as | habéis listado | You have entered into a list |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han listado | They / you have entered into a list |
| Vos | has listado | You have entered into a list |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would enter into a list” or “she would enter into a list”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | listaría | I would enter into a list |
| Tú | listarías | You would enter into a list |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listaría | He / she / you would enter into a list |
| Nosotros / as | listaríamos | We would enter into a list |
| Vosotros / as | listaríais | You would enter into a list |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listarían | They / you would enter into a list |
| Vos | listarías | You would enter into a list |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will enter into a list” or “they will enter into a list”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a listar” means “They are going to enter into a list”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | listaré | I will enter into a list |
| Tú | listarás | You will enter into a list |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listará | He / she / you will enter into a list |
| Nosotros / as | listaremos | We will enter into a list |
| Vosotros / as | listaréis | You will enter into a list |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listarán | They / you will enter into a list |
| Vos | listarás | You will enter into a list |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | liste |
| Tú | listes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | liste |
| Nosotros / as | listemos |
| Vosotros / as | listéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listen |
| Vos | listes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | listara | listase |
| Tú | listaras | listase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listara | listase |
| Nosotros / as | listáramos | listásemos |
| Vosotros / as | listarais | listaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listaran | listasen |
| Vos | listaras | listase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | listare |
| Tú | listares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | listare |
| Nosotros / as | listáremos |
| Vosotros / as | listareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listaren |
| Vos | listares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “enter into a list!” and “don’t enter into a list!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | lista | no listes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | liste | no liste |
| Nosotros / as | listemos | no listemos |
| Vosotros / as | listad | no listéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | listen | no listen |
| Vos | listá | no listes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya listado |
| Tú | hayas listado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya listado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos listado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis listado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan listado |
| Vos | hayas listado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera listado / hubiese listado |
| Tú | hubieras listado / hubieses listado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera listado / hubiese listado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos listado / hubiésemos listado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais listado / hubieseis listado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran listado / hubiesen listado |
| Vos | hubieras listado / hubieses listado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere listado |
| Tú | hubieres listado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere listado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos listado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis listado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren listado |
| Vos | hubieres listado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté listando |
| Tú | estés listando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté listando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos listando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis listando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén listando |
| Vos | estés listando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera listando / estuviese listando |
| Tú | estuvieras listando / estuvieses listando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera listando / estuviese listando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos listando / estuviésamos listando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais listando / estuvieseis listando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera listando / estuviese listando |
| Vos | estuvieras listando / estuvieses listando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere listando |
| Tú | estuvieres listando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere listando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos listando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis listando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere listando |
| Vos | estuvieres listando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos listás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos listaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos listabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos listarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos listarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos listes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos listaras / Vos listase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos listá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no listes |