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Naturalizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to naturalize, nationalize”.
Below are all of the conjugations for naturalizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to naturalize, nationalize |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | naturalizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está naturalizando) and past continuous (estaba naturalizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. naturalizing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he naturalizado and hubiera naturalizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have naturalized).
| Gerundio / Gerund | naturalizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | naturalizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I naturalize” or “they naturalize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizo |
| Tú | naturalizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturaliza |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizamos |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizan |
| Vos |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I naturalized” or “she naturalized” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | naturalicé | I naturalized |
| Tú | naturalizaste | You naturalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizó | He / she / you naturalized |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizamos | We naturalized |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizasteis | You naturalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizaron | They / you naturalized |
| Vos | naturalizaste | You naturalized |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was naturalizing” or “she was naturalizing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizaba | I was naturalizing |
| Tú | naturalizabas | You were naturalizing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizaba | He was / she was / you were naturalizing |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizábamos | We were naturalizing |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizabais | You were naturalizing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizaban | They / you were naturalizing |
| Vos | naturalizabas | You were naturalizing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have naturalized” and “she has naturalized”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he naturalizado | I have naturalized |
| Tú | has naturalizado | You have naturalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha naturalizado | He has / she has / you have naturalized |
| Nosotros / as | hemos naturalizado | We have naturalized |
| Vosotros / as | habéis naturalizado | You have naturalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han naturalizado | They / you have naturalized |
| Vos | has naturalizado | You have naturalized |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would naturalize” or “she would naturalize”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizaría | I would naturalize |
| Tú | naturalizarías | You would naturalize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizaría | He / she / you would naturalize |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizaríamos | We would naturalize |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizaríais | You would naturalize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizarían | They / you would naturalize |
| Vos | naturalizarías | You would naturalize |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will naturalize” or “they will naturalize”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a naturalizar” means “They are going to naturalize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizaré | I will naturalize |
| Tú | naturalizarás | You will naturalize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizará | He / she / you will naturalize |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizaremos | We will naturalize |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizaréis | You will naturalize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizarán | They / you will naturalize |
| Vos | naturalizarás | You will naturalize |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | naturalice |
| Tú | naturalices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalice |
| Nosotros / as | naturalicemos |
| Vosotros / as | naturalicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalicen |
| Vos | naturalices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizara | naturalizase |
| Tú | naturalizaras | naturalizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizara | naturalizase |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizáramos | naturalizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizarais | naturalizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizaran | naturalizasen |
| Vos | naturalizaras | naturalizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | naturalizare |
| Tú | naturalizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalizare |
| Nosotros / as | naturalizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalizaren |
| Vos | naturalizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “naturalize!” and “don’t naturalize!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | naturaliza | no naturalices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | naturalice | no naturalice |
| Nosotros / as | naturalicemos | no naturalicemos |
| Vosotros / as | naturalizad | no naturalicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | naturalicen | no naturalicen |
| Vos | no naturalices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya naturalizado |
| Tú | hayas naturalizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya naturalizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos naturalizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis naturalizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan naturalizado |
| Vos | hayas naturalizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera naturalizado / hubiese naturalizado |
| Tú | hubieras naturalizado / hubieses naturalizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera naturalizado / hubiese naturalizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos naturalizado / hubiésemos naturalizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais naturalizado / hubieseis naturalizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran naturalizado / hubiesen naturalizado |
| Vos | hubieras naturalizado / hubieses naturalizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere naturalizado |
| Tú | hubieres naturalizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere naturalizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos naturalizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis naturalizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren naturalizado |
| Vos | hubieres naturalizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté naturalizando |
| Tú | estés naturalizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté naturalizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos naturalizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis naturalizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén naturalizando |
| Vos | estés naturalizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera naturalizando / estuviese naturalizando |
| Tú | estuvieras naturalizando / estuvieses naturalizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera naturalizando / estuviese naturalizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos naturalizando / estuviésamos naturalizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais naturalizando / estuvieseis naturalizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera naturalizando / estuviese naturalizando |
| Vos | estuvieras naturalizando / estuvieses naturalizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere naturalizando |
| Tú | estuvieres naturalizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere naturalizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos naturalizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis naturalizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere naturalizando |
| Vos | estuvieres naturalizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos naturalizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos naturalizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos naturalizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos naturalizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos naturalices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos naturalizaras / Vos naturalizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no naturalices |