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Acostumbrarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to be accustomed to, be in the habit of”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me acostumbro) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que acostumbrarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for acostumbrarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to be accustomed to, be in the habit of |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | acostumbrarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está acostumbrándose) and past continuous (estaba acostumbrándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. being accustomed to).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he acostumbrado and hubiera acostumbrado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have been accustomed to).
| Gerundio / Gerund | acostumbrándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | acostumbrado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I am accustomed to” or “they am accustomed to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbro |
| Tú | te acostumbras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbra |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbramos |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbran |
| Vos | te acostumbrás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I was accustomed to” or “she was accustomed to” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbré | I was accustomed to |
| Tú | te acostumbraste | You was accustomed to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbró | He / she / you was accustomed to |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbramos | We was accustomed to |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbrasteis | You was accustomed to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbraron | They / you was accustomed to |
| Vos | te acostumbraste | You was accustomed to |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was being accustomed to” or “she was being accustomed to” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbraba | I was being accustomed to |
| Tú | te acostumbrabas | You were being accustomed to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbraba | He was / she was / you were being accustomed to |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbrábamos | We were being accustomed to |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbrabais | You were being accustomed to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbraban | They / you were being accustomed to |
| Vos | te acostumbrabas | You were being accustomed to |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have been accustomed to” and “she has been accustomed to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he acostumbrado | I have been accustomed to |
| Tú | te has acostumbrado | You have been accustomed to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha acostumbrado | He has / she has / you have been accustomed to |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos acostumbrado | We have been accustomed to |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis acostumbrado | You have been accustomed to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han acostumbrado | They / you have been accustomed to |
| Vos | te has acostumbrado | You have been accustomed to |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would be accustomed to” or “she would be accustomed to”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbraría | I would am accustomed to |
| Tú | te acostumbrarías | You would am accustomed to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbraría | He / she / you would am accustomed to |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbraríamos | We would am accustomed to |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbraríais | You would am accustomed to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbrarían | They / you would am accustomed to |
| Vos | te acostumbrarías | You would am accustomed to |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will be accustomed to” or “they will be accustomed to”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a acostumbrarse” means “They are going to be accustomed to”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbraré | I will am accustomed to |
| Tú | te acostumbrarás | You will am accustomed to |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbrará | He / she / you will am accustomed to |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbraremos | We will am accustomed to |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbraréis | You will am accustomed to |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbrarán | They / you will am accustomed to |
| Vos | te acostumbrarás | You will am accustomed to |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbre |
| Tú | te acostumbres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbre |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbremos |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbren |
| Vos | te acostumbres |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbrara | me acostumbrase |
| Tú | te acostumbraras | me acostumbrase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbrara | se acostumbrase |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbráramos | nos acostumbrásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbrarais | os acostumbraseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbraran | se acostumbrasen |
| Vos | te acostumbraras | me acostumbrase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me acostumbrare |
| Tú | te acostumbrares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se acostumbrare |
| Nosotros / as | nos acostumbráremos |
| Vosotros / as | os acostumbrareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se acostumbraren |
| Vos | te acostumbrares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “be accustomed to!” and “don’t be accustomed to!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | acostúmbrate | no te acostumbres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | acostúmbrese | no se acostumbre |
| Nosotros / as | acostumbrémonos | no nos acostumbremos |
| Vosotros / as | acostumbraos | no os acostumbréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | acostúmbrense | no se acostumbren |
| Vos | acostumbrate | no te acostumbres |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya acostumbrado |
| Tú | hayas acostumbrado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya acostumbrado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos acostumbrado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis acostumbrado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan acostumbrado |
| Vos | hayas acostumbrado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera acostumbrado / hubiese acostumbrado |
| Tú | hubieras acostumbrado / hubieses acostumbrado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera acostumbrado / hubiese acostumbrado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos acostumbrado / hubiésemos acostumbrado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais acostumbrado / hubieseis acostumbrado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran acostumbrado / hubiesen acostumbrado |
| Vos | hubieras acostumbrado / hubieses acostumbrado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere acostumbrado |
| Tú | hubieres acostumbrado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere acostumbrado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos acostumbrado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis acostumbrado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren acostumbrado |
| Vos | hubieres acostumbrado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté acostumbrándose |
| Tú | estés acostumbrándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté acostumbrándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos acostumbrándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis acostumbrándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén acostumbrándose |
| Vos | estés acostumbrándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera acostumbrándose / estuviese acostumbrándose |
| Tú | estuvieras acostumbrándose / estuvieses acostumbrándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera acostumbrándose / estuviese acostumbrándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos acostumbrándose / estuviésamos acostumbrándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais acostumbrándose / estuvieseis acostumbrándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera acostumbrándose / estuviese acostumbrándose |
| Vos | estuvieras acostumbrándose / estuvieses acostumbrándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere acostumbrándose |
| Tú | estuvieres acostumbrándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere acostumbrándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos acostumbrándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis acostumbrándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere acostumbrándose |
| Vos | estuvieres acostumbrándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos te acostumbrás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te acostumbraste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te acostumbrabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te acostumbrarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te acostumbrarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te acostumbres |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te acostumbraras / Vos me acostumbrase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos acostumbrate |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te acostumbres |