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Actualizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to update, modernize”.
Below are all of the conjugations for actualizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to update, modernize |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | actualizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está actualizando) and past continuous (estaba actualizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. updating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he actualizado and hubiera actualizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have updated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | actualizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | actualizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I update” or “they update”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | actualizo |
| Tú | actualizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualiza |
| Nosotros / as | actualizamos |
| Vosotros / as | actualizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizan |
| Vos | actualizás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I updated” or “she updated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | actualicé | I updated |
| Tú | actualizaste | You updated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizó | He / she / you updated |
| Nosotros / as | actualizamos | We updated |
| Vosotros / as | actualizasteis | You updated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizaron | They / you updated |
| Vos | actualizaste | You updated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was updating” or “she was updating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | actualizaba | I was updating |
| Tú | actualizabas | You were updating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizaba | He was / she was / you were updating |
| Nosotros / as | actualizábamos | We were updating |
| Vosotros / as | actualizabais | You were updating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizaban | They / you were updating |
| Vos | actualizabas | You were updating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have updated” and “she has updated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he actualizado | I have updated |
| Tú | has actualizado | You have updated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha actualizado | He has / she has / you have updated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos actualizado | We have updated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis actualizado | You have updated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han actualizado | They / you have updated |
| Vos | has actualizado | You have updated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would update” or “she would update”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | actualizaría | I would update |
| Tú | actualizarías | You would update |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizaría | He / she / you would update |
| Nosotros / as | actualizaríamos | We would update |
| Vosotros / as | actualizaríais | You would update |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizarían | They / you would update |
| Vos | actualizarías | You would update |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will update” or “they will update”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a actualizar” means “They are going to update”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | actualizaré | I will update |
| Tú | actualizarás | You will update |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizará | He / she / you will update |
| Nosotros / as | actualizaremos | We will update |
| Vosotros / as | actualizaréis | You will update |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizarán | They / you will update |
| Vos | actualizarás | You will update |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | actualice |
| Tú | actualices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualice |
| Nosotros / as | actualicemos |
| Vosotros / as | actualicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualicen |
| Vos | actualices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | actualizara | actualizase |
| Tú | actualizaras | actualizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizara | actualizase |
| Nosotros / as | actualizáramos | actualizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | actualizarais | actualizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizaran | actualizasen |
| Vos | actualizaras | actualizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | actualizare |
| Tú | actualizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualizare |
| Nosotros / as | actualizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | actualizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualizaren |
| Vos | actualizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “update!” and “don’t update!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | actualiza | no actualices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | actualice | no actualice |
| Nosotros / as | actualicemos | no actualicemos |
| Vosotros / as | actualizad | no actualicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | actualicen | no actualicen |
| Vos | actualizá | no actualices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya actualizado |
| Tú | hayas actualizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya actualizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos actualizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis actualizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan actualizado |
| Vos | hayas actualizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera actualizado / hubiese actualizado |
| Tú | hubieras actualizado / hubieses actualizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera actualizado / hubiese actualizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos actualizado / hubiésemos actualizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais actualizado / hubieseis actualizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran actualizado / hubiesen actualizado |
| Vos | hubieras actualizado / hubieses actualizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere actualizado |
| Tú | hubieres actualizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere actualizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos actualizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis actualizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren actualizado |
| Vos | hubieres actualizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté actualizando |
| Tú | estés actualizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté actualizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos actualizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis actualizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén actualizando |
| Vos | estés actualizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera actualizando / estuviese actualizando |
| Tú | estuvieras actualizando / estuvieses actualizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera actualizando / estuviese actualizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos actualizando / estuviésamos actualizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais actualizando / estuvieseis actualizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera actualizando / estuviese actualizando |
| Vos | estuvieras actualizando / estuvieses actualizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere actualizando |
| Tú | estuvieres actualizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere actualizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos actualizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis actualizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere actualizando |
| Vos | estuvieres actualizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos actualizás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos actualizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos actualizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos actualizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos actualizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos actualices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos actualizaras / Vos actualizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos actualizá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no actualices |