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Bendecir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to bless, consecrate”.
Below are all of the conjugations for bendecir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to bless, consecrate |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | bendecir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está bendiciendo) and past continuous (estaba bendiciendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. blessing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he bendecido and hubiera bendecido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have blessed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | bendiciendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | bendecido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I bless” or “they bless”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bendigo |
| Tú | bendices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendice |
| Nosotros / as | bendecimos |
| Vosotros / as | bendecís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendicen |
| Vos | bendecís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I blessed” or “she blessed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bendije | I blessed |
| Tú | bendijiste | You blessed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendijo | He / she / you blessed |
| Nosotros / as | bendijimos | We blessed |
| Vosotros / as | bendijisteis | You blessed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendijeron | They / you blessed |
| Vos | bendijiste | You blessed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was blessing” or “she was blessing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bendecía | I was blessing |
| Tú | bendecías | You were blessing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendecía | He was / she was / you were blessing |
| Nosotros / as | bendecíamos | We were blessing |
| Vosotros / as | bendecíais | You were blessing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendecían | They / you were blessing |
| Vos | bendecías | You were blessing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have blessed” and “she has blessed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he bendecido | I have blessed |
| Tú | has bendecido | You have blessed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha bendecido | He has / she has / you have blessed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos bendecido | We have blessed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis bendecido | You have blessed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han bendecido | They / you have blessed |
| Vos | has bendecido | You have blessed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would bless” or “she would bless”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bendeciría | I would bless |
| Tú | bendecirías | You would bless |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendeciría | He / she / you would bless |
| Nosotros / as | bendeciríamos | We would bless |
| Vosotros / as | bendeciríais | You would bless |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendecirían | They / you would bless |
| Vos | bendecirías | You would bless |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will bless” or “they will bless”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a bendecir” means “They are going to bless”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bendeciré | I will bless |
| Tú | bendecirás | You will bless |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendecirá | He / she / you will bless |
| Nosotros / as | bendeciremos | We will bless |
| Vosotros / as | bendeciréis | You will bless |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendecirán | They / you will bless |
| Vos | bendecirás | You will bless |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bendiga |
| Tú | bendigas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendiga |
| Nosotros / as | bendigamos |
| Vosotros / as | bendigáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendigan |
| Vos | bendigas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bendijera | bendijese |
| Tú | bendijeras | bendijese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendijera | bendijese |
| Nosotros / as | bendijéramos | bendijésemos |
| Vosotros / as | bendijerais | bendijeseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendijeran | bendijesen |
| Vos | bendijeras | bendijese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bendijere |
| Tú | bendijeres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendijera |
| Nosotros / as | bendijéremos |
| Vosotros / as | bendijereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendijeren |
| Vos | bendijeres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “bless!” and “don’t bless!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | bendice | no bendigas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bendiga | no bendiga |
| Nosotros / as | bendigamos | no bendigamos |
| Vosotros / as | bendecid | no bendigáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bendigan | no bendigan |
| Vos | bendecí | no bendigas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya bendecido |
| Tú | hayas bendecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya bendecido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos bendecido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis bendecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan bendecido |
| Vos | hayas bendecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera bendecido / hubiese bendecido |
| Tú | hubieras bendecido / hubieses bendecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera bendecido / hubiese bendecido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos bendecido / hubiésemos bendecido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais bendecido / hubieseis bendecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran bendecido / hubiesen bendecido |
| Vos | hubieras bendecido / hubieses bendecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere bendecido |
| Tú | hubieres bendecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere bendecido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos bendecido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis bendecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren bendecido |
| Vos | hubieres bendecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté bendiciendo |
| Tú | estés bendiciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté bendiciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos bendiciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis bendiciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén bendiciendo |
| Vos | estés bendiciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera bendiciendo / estuviese bendiciendo |
| Tú | estuvieras bendiciendo / estuvieses bendiciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera bendiciendo / estuviese bendiciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos bendiciendo / estuviésamos bendiciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais bendiciendo / estuvieseis bendiciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera bendiciendo / estuviese bendiciendo |
| Vos | estuvieras bendiciendo / estuvieses bendiciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere bendiciendo |
| Tú | estuvieres bendiciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere bendiciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos bendiciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis bendiciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere bendiciendo |
| Vos | estuvieres bendiciendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos bendecís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos bendijiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos bendecías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos bendecirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos bendecirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos bendigas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos bendijeras / Vos bendijese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos bendecí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no bendigas |