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Coexistir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to coexist”.
Below are all of the conjugations for coexistir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to coexist |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | coexistir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está coexistiendo) and past continuous (estaba coexistiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. coexisting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he coexistido and hubiera coexistido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have coexisted).
| Gerundio / Gerund | coexistiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | coexistido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I coexist” or “they coexist”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | coexisto |
| Tú | coexistes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexiste |
| Nosotros / as | coexistimos |
| Vosotros / as | coexistís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexisten |
| Vos | coexistís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I coexisted” or “she coexisted” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coexistí | I coexisted |
| Tú | coexististe | You coexisted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistió | He / she / you coexisted |
| Nosotros / as | coexistimos | We coexisted |
| Vosotros / as | coexististeis | You coexisted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistieron | They / you coexisted |
| Vos | coexististe | You coexisted |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was coexisting” or “she was coexisting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coexistía | I was coexisting |
| Tú | coexistías | You were coexisting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistía | He was / she was / you were coexisting |
| Nosotros / as | coexistíamos | We were coexisting |
| Vosotros / as | coexistíais | You were coexisting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistían | They / you were coexisting |
| Vos | coexistías | You were coexisting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have coexisted” and “she has coexisted”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he coexistido | I have coexisted |
| Tú | has coexistido | You have coexisted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha coexistido | He has / she has / you have coexisted |
| Nosotros / as | hemos coexistido | We have coexisted |
| Vosotros / as | habéis coexistido | You have coexisted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han coexistido | They / you have coexisted |
| Vos | has coexistido | You have coexisted |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would coexist” or “she would coexist”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coexistiría | I would coexist |
| Tú | coexistirías | You would coexist |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistiría | He / she / you would coexist |
| Nosotros / as | coexistiríamos | We would coexist |
| Vosotros / as | coexistiríais | You would coexist |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistirían | They / you would coexist |
| Vos | coexistirías | You would coexist |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will coexist” or “they will coexist”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a coexistir” means “They are going to coexist”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coexistiré | I will coexist |
| Tú | coexistirás | You will coexist |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistirá | He / she / you will coexist |
| Nosotros / as | coexistiremos | We will coexist |
| Vosotros / as | coexistiréis | You will coexist |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistirán | They / you will coexist |
| Vos | coexistirás | You will coexist |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | coexista |
| Tú | coexistas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexista |
| Nosotros / as | coexistamos |
| Vosotros / as | coexistáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistan |
| Vos | coexistas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coexistiera | coexistiese |
| Tú | coexistieras | coexistiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistiera | coexistiese |
| Nosotros / as | coexistiéramos | coexistiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | coexistierais | coexistieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistieran | coexistiesen |
| Vos | coexistieras | coexistiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | coexistiere |
| Tú | coexistieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexistiera |
| Nosotros / as | coexistiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | coexistiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistieren |
| Vos | coexistieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “coexist!” and “don’t coexist!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | coexiste | no coexistas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | coexista | no coexista |
| Nosotros / as | coexistamos | no coexistamos |
| Vosotros / as | coexistid | no coexistáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coexistan | no coexistan |
| Vos | coexistí | no coexistas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya coexistido |
| Tú | hayas coexistido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya coexistido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos coexistido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis coexistido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan coexistido |
| Vos | hayas coexistido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera coexistido / hubiese coexistido |
| Tú | hubieras coexistido / hubieses coexistido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera coexistido / hubiese coexistido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos coexistido / hubiésemos coexistido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais coexistido / hubieseis coexistido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran coexistido / hubiesen coexistido |
| Vos | hubieras coexistido / hubieses coexistido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere coexistido |
| Tú | hubieres coexistido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere coexistido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos coexistido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis coexistido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren coexistido |
| Vos | hubieres coexistido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté coexistiendo |
| Tú | estés coexistiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté coexistiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos coexistiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis coexistiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén coexistiendo |
| Vos | estés coexistiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera coexistiendo / estuviese coexistiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras coexistiendo / estuvieses coexistiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera coexistiendo / estuviese coexistiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos coexistiendo / estuviésamos coexistiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais coexistiendo / estuvieseis coexistiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera coexistiendo / estuviese coexistiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras coexistiendo / estuvieses coexistiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere coexistiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres coexistiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere coexistiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos coexistiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis coexistiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere coexistiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres coexistiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos coexistís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos coexististe |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos coexistías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos coexistirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos coexistirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos coexistas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos coexistieras / Vos coexistiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos coexistí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no coexistas |