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Adornar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to adorn, embellish”.
Below are all of the conjugations for adornar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to adorn, embellish |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | adornar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está adornando) and past continuous (estaba adornando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. adorning).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he adornado and hubiera adornado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have adorned).
| Gerundio / Gerund | adornando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | adornado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I adorn” or “they adorn”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | adorno |
| Tú | adornas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adorna |
| Nosotros / as | adornamos |
| Vosotros / as | adornáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornan |
| Vos | adquirís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I adorned” or “she adorned” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | adorné | I adorned |
| Tú | adornaste | You adorned |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornó | He / she / you adorned |
| Nosotros / as | adornamos | We adorned |
| Vosotros / as | adornasteis | You adorned |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornaron | They / you adorned |
| Vos | adornaste | You adorned |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was adorning” or “she was adorning” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | adornaba | I was adorning |
| Tú | adornabas | You were adorning |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornaba | He was / she was / you were adorning |
| Nosotros / as | adornábamos | We were adorning |
| Vosotros / as | adornabais | You were adorning |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornaban | They / you were adorning |
| Vos | adornabas | You were adorning |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have adorned” and “she has adorned”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he adornado | I have adorned |
| Tú | has adornado | You have adorned |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha adornado | He has / she has / you have adorned |
| Nosotros / as | hemos adornado | We have adorned |
| Vosotros / as | habéis adornado | You have adorned |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han adornado | They / you have adorned |
| Vos | has adornado | You have adorned |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would adorn” or “she would adorn”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | adornaría | I would adorn |
| Tú | adornarías | You would adorn |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornaría | He / she / you would adorn |
| Nosotros / as | adornaríamos | We would adorn |
| Vosotros / as | adornaríais | You would adorn |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornarían | They / you would adorn |
| Vos | adornarías | You would adorn |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will adorn” or “they will adorn”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a adornar” means “They are going to adorn”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | adornaré | I will adorn |
| Tú | adornarás | You will adorn |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornará | He / she / you will adorn |
| Nosotros / as | adornaremos | We will adorn |
| Vosotros / as | adornaréis | You will adorn |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornarán | They / you will adorn |
| Vos | adornarás | You will adorn |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | adorne |
| Tú | adornes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adorne |
| Nosotros / as | adornemos |
| Vosotros / as | adornéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornen |
| Vos | adornes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | adornara | adornase |
| Tú | adornaras | adornase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornara | adornase |
| Nosotros / as | adornáramos | adornásemos |
| Vosotros / as | adornarais | adornaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornaran | adornasen |
| Vos | adornaras | adornase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | adornare |
| Tú | adornares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adornare |
| Nosotros / as | adornáremos |
| Vosotros / as | adornareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornaren |
| Vos | adornares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “adorn!” and “don’t adorn!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | adorna | no adornes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | adorne | no adorne |
| Nosotros / as | adornemos | no adornemos |
| Vosotros / as | adornad | no adornéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | adornen | no adornen |
| Vos | adorná | no adornes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya adornado |
| Tú | hayas adornado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya adornado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos adornado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis adornado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan adornado |
| Vos | hayas adornado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera adornado / hubiese adornado |
| Tú | hubieras adornado / hubieses adornado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera adornado / hubiese adornado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos adornado / hubiésemos adornado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais adornado / hubieseis adornado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran adornado / hubiesen adornado |
| Vos | hubieras adornado / hubieses adornado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere adornado |
| Tú | hubieres adornado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere adornado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos adornado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis adornado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren adornado |
| Vos | hubieres adornado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté adornando |
| Tú | estés adornando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté adornando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos adornando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis adornando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén adornando |
| Vos | estés adornando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera adornando / estuviese adornando |
| Tú | estuvieras adornando / estuvieses adornando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera adornando / estuviese adornando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos adornando / estuviésamos adornando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais adornando / estuvieseis adornando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera adornando / estuviese adornando |
| Vos | estuvieras adornando / estuvieses adornando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere adornando |
| Tú | estuvieres adornando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere adornando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos adornando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis adornando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere adornando |
| Vos | estuvieres adornando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos adquirís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos adornaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos adornabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos adornarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos adornarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos adornes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos adornaras / Vos adornase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos adorná |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no adornes |