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Ahogar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to drown, sink, choke”.
Below are all of the conjugations for ahogar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to drown, sink, choke |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | ahogar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está ahogando) and past continuous (estaba ahogando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. drowning).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he ahogado and hubiera ahogado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have drowned).
| Gerundio / Gerund | ahogando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | ahogado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I drown” or “they drown”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ahogo |
| Tú | ahogas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahoga |
| Nosotros / as | ahogamos |
| Vosotros / as | ahogáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogan |
| Vos | ahogás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I drowned” or “she drowned” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ahogué | I drowned |
| Tú | ahogaste | You drowned |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogó | He / she / you drowned |
| Nosotros / as | ahogamos | We drowned |
| Vosotros / as | ahogasteis | You drowned |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogaron | They / you drowned |
| Vos | ahogaste | You drowned |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was drowning” or “she was drowning” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ahogaba | I was drowning |
| Tú | ahogabas | You were drowning |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogaba | He was / she was / you were drowning |
| Nosotros / as | ahogábamos | We were drowning |
| Vosotros / as | ahogabais | You were drowning |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogaban | They / you were drowning |
| Vos | ahogabas | You were drowning |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have drowned” and “she has drowned”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he ahogado | I have drowned |
| Tú | has ahogado | You have drowned |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha ahogado | He has / she has / you have drowned |
| Nosotros / as | hemos ahogado | We have drowned |
| Vosotros / as | habéis ahogado | You have drowned |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han ahogado | They / you have drowned |
| Vos | has ahogado | You have drowned |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would drown” or “she would drown”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ahogaría | I would drown |
| Tú | ahogarías | You would drown |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogaría | He / she / you would drown |
| Nosotros / as | ahogaríamos | We would drown |
| Vosotros / as | ahogaríais | You would drown |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogarían | They / you would drown |
| Vos | ahogarías | You would drown |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will drown” or “they will drown”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a ahogar” means “They are going to drown”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ahogaré | I will drown |
| Tú | ahogarás | You will drown |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogará | He / she / you will drown |
| Nosotros / as | ahogaremos | We will drown |
| Vosotros / as | ahogaréis | You will drown |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogarán | They / you will drown |
| Vos | ahogarás | You will drown |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ahogue |
| Tú | ahogues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogue |
| Nosotros / as | ahoguemos |
| Vosotros / as | ahoguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahoguen |
| Vos | ahogues |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ahogara | ahogase |
| Tú | ahogaras | ahogase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogara | ahogase |
| Nosotros / as | ahogáramos | ahogásemos |
| Vosotros / as | ahogarais | ahogaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogaran | ahogasen |
| Vos | ahogaras | ahogase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ahogare |
| Tú | ahogares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogare |
| Nosotros / as | ahogáremos |
| Vosotros / as | ahogareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahogaren |
| Vos | ahogares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “drown!” and “don’t drown!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | ahoga | no ahogues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ahogue | no ahogue |
| Nosotros / as | ahoguemos | no ahoguemos |
| Vosotros / as | ahogad | no ahoguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ahoguen | no ahoguen |
| Vos | ahogá | no ahogues |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya ahogado |
| Tú | hayas ahogado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya ahogado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos ahogado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis ahogado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan ahogado |
| Vos | hayas ahogado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera ahogado / hubiese ahogado |
| Tú | hubieras ahogado / hubieses ahogado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera ahogado / hubiese ahogado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos ahogado / hubiésemos ahogado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais ahogado / hubieseis ahogado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran ahogado / hubiesen ahogado |
| Vos | hubieras ahogado / hubieses ahogado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere ahogado |
| Tú | hubieres ahogado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere ahogado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos ahogado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis ahogado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren ahogado |
| Vos | hubieres ahogado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté ahogando |
| Tú | estés ahogando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté ahogando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos ahogando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis ahogando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén ahogando |
| Vos | estés ahogando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera ahogando / estuviese ahogando |
| Tú | estuvieras ahogando / estuvieses ahogando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera ahogando / estuviese ahogando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos ahogando / estuviésamos ahogando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais ahogando / estuvieseis ahogando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera ahogando / estuviese ahogando |
| Vos | estuvieras ahogando / estuvieses ahogando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere ahogando |
| Tú | estuvieres ahogando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere ahogando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos ahogando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis ahogando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere ahogando |
| Vos | estuvieres ahogando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos ahogás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos ahogaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos ahogabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos ahogarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos ahogarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos ahogues |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos ahogaras / Vos ahogase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos ahogá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no ahogues |