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Alborotar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to stir up, arouse, incite”.
Below are all of the conjugations for alborotar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to stir up, arouse, incite |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | alborotar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está alborotando) and past continuous (estaba alborotando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. stirring up).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he alborotado and hubiera alborotado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have stirred up).
| Gerundio / Gerund | alborotando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | alborotado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I stir up” or “they stir up”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | alboroto |
| Tú | alborotas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborota |
| Nosotros / as | alborotamos |
| Vosotros / as | alborotáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotan |
| Vos | alborotás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I stirred up” or “she stirred up” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | alboroté | I stirred up |
| Tú | alborotaste | You stirred up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotó | He / she / you stirred up |
| Nosotros / as | alborotamos | We stirred up |
| Vosotros / as | alborotasteis | You stirred up |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotaron | They / you stirred up |
| Vos | alborotaste | You stirred up |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was stirring up” or “she was stirring up” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | alborotaba | I was stirring up |
| Tú | alborotabas | You were stirring up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotaba | He was / she was / you were stirring up |
| Nosotros / as | alborotábamos | We were stirring up |
| Vosotros / as | alborotabais | You were stirring up |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotaban | They / you were stirring up |
| Vos | alborotabas | You were stirring up |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have stirred up” and “she has stirred up”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he alborotado | I have stirred up |
| Tú | has alborotado | You have stirred up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha alborotado | He has / she has / you have stirred up |
| Nosotros / as | hemos alborotado | We have stirred up |
| Vosotros / as | habéis alborotado | You have stirred up |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han alborotado | They / you have stirred up |
| Vos | has alborotado | You have stirred up |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would stir up” or “she would stir up”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | alborotaría | I would stir up |
| Tú | alborotarías | You would stir up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotaría | He / she / you would stir up |
| Nosotros / as | alborotaríamos | We would stir up |
| Vosotros / as | alborotaríais | You would stir up |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotarían | They / you would stir up |
| Vos | alborotarías | You would stir up |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will stir up” or “they will stir up”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a alborotar” means “They are going to stir up”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | alborotaré | I will stir up |
| Tú | alborotarás | You will stir up |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotará | He / she / you will stir up |
| Nosotros / as | alborotaremos | We will stir up |
| Vosotros / as | alborotaréis | You will stir up |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotarán | They / you will stir up |
| Vos | alborotarás | You will stir up |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | alborote |
| Tú | alborotes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborote |
| Nosotros / as | alborotemos |
| Vosotros / as | alborotéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alboroten |
| Vos | alborotes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | alborotara | alborotase |
| Tú | alborotaras | alborotase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotara | alborotase |
| Nosotros / as | alborotáramos | alborotásemos |
| Vosotros / as | alborotarais | alborotaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotaran | alborotasen |
| Vos | alborotaras | alborotase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | alborotare |
| Tú | alborotares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborotare |
| Nosotros / as | alborotáremos |
| Vosotros / as | alborotareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alborotaren |
| Vos | alborotares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “stir up!” and “don’t stir up!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | alborota | no alborotes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | alborote | no alborote |
| Nosotros / as | alborotemos | no alborotemos |
| Vosotros / as | alborotad | no alborotéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | alboroten | no alboroten |
| Vos | alborotá | no alborotes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya alborotado |
| Tú | hayas alborotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya alborotado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos alborotado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis alborotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan alborotado |
| Vos | hayas alborotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera alborotado / hubiese alborotado |
| Tú | hubieras alborotado / hubieses alborotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera alborotado / hubiese alborotado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos alborotado / hubiésemos alborotado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais alborotado / hubieseis alborotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran alborotado / hubiesen alborotado |
| Vos | hubieras alborotado / hubieses alborotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere alborotado |
| Tú | hubieres alborotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere alborotado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos alborotado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis alborotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren alborotado |
| Vos | hubieres alborotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté alborotando |
| Tú | estés alborotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté alborotando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos alborotando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis alborotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén alborotando |
| Vos | estés alborotando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera alborotando / estuviese alborotando |
| Tú | estuvieras alborotando / estuvieses alborotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera alborotando / estuviese alborotando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos alborotando / estuviésamos alborotando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais alborotando / estuvieseis alborotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera alborotando / estuviese alborotando |
| Vos | estuvieras alborotando / estuvieses alborotando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere alborotando |
| Tú | estuvieres alborotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere alborotando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos alborotando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis alborotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere alborotando |
| Vos | estuvieres alborotando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos alborotás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos alborotaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos alborotabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos alborotarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos alborotarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos alborotes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos alborotaras / Vos alborotase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos alborotá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no alborotes |