Everything you need to improve your Spanish
Menu
Everything you need to improve your Spanish
Almorzar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to eat lunch, have lunch”.
Below are all of the conjugations for almorzar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to eat lunch, have lunch |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | almorzar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está almorzando) and past continuous (estaba almorzando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. having lunch).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he almorzado and hubiera almorzado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have had lunch).
| Gerundio / Gerund | almorzando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | almorzado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I have lunch” or “they have lunch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | almorzo |
| Tú | almorzas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorza |
| Nosotros / as | almorzamos |
| Vosotros / as | almorzáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzan |
| Vos | almorzás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I had lunch” or “she had lunch” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | almorcé | I had lunch |
| Tú | almorzaste | You had lunch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzó | He / she / you had lunch |
| Nosotros / as | almorzamos | We had lunch |
| Vosotros / as | almorzasteis | You had lunch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzaron | They / you had lunch |
| Vos | almorzaste | You had lunch |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was having lunch” or “she was having lunch” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | almorzaba | I was having lunch |
| Tú | almorzabas | You were having lunch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzaba | He was / she was / you were having lunch |
| Nosotros / as | almorzábamos | We were having lunch |
| Vosotros / as | almorzabais | You were having lunch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzaban | They / you were having lunch |
| Vos | almorzabas | You were having lunch |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have had lunch” and “she has had lunch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he almorzado | I have had lunch |
| Tú | has almorzado | You have had lunch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha almorzado | He has / she has / you have had lunch |
| Nosotros / as | hemos almorzado | We have had lunch |
| Vosotros / as | habéis almorzado | You have had lunch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han almorzado | They / you have had lunch |
| Vos | has almorzado | You have had lunch |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would have lunch” or “she would have lunch”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | almorzaría | I would have lunch |
| Tú | almorzarías | You would have lunch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzaría | He / she / you would have lunch |
| Nosotros / as | almorzaríamos | We would have lunch |
| Vosotros / as | almorzaríais | You would have lunch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzarían | They / you would have lunch |
| Vos | almorzarías | You would have lunch |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will have lunch” or “they will have lunch”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a almorzar” means “They are going to have lunch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | almorzaré | I will have lunch |
| Tú | almorzarás | You will have lunch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzará | He / she / you will have lunch |
| Nosotros / as | almorzaremos | We will have lunch |
| Vosotros / as | almorzaréis | You will have lunch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzarán | They / you will have lunch |
| Vos | almorzarás | You will have lunch |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | almorce |
| Tú | almorces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorce |
| Nosotros / as | almorcemos |
| Vosotros / as | almorcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorcen |
| Vos | almorces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | almorzara | almorzase |
| Tú | almorzaras | almorzase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzara | almorzase |
| Nosotros / as | almorzáramos | almorzásemos |
| Vosotros / as | almorzarais | almorzaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzaran | almorzasen |
| Vos | almorzaras | almorzase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | almorzare |
| Tú | almorzares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorzare |
| Nosotros / as | almorzáremos |
| Vosotros / as | almorzareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorzaren |
| Vos | almorzares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “have lunch!” and “don’t have lunch!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | almorza | no almorces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | almorce | no almorce |
| Nosotros / as | almorcemos | no almorcemos |
| Vosotros / as | almorzad | no almorcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | almorcen | no almorcen |
| Vos | almorzá | no almorces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya almorzado |
| Tú | hayas almorzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya almorzado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos almorzado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis almorzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan almorzado |
| Vos | hayas almorzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera almorzado / hubiese almorzado |
| Tú | hubieras almorzado / hubieses almorzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera almorzado / hubiese almorzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos almorzado / hubiésemos almorzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais almorzado / hubieseis almorzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran almorzado / hubiesen almorzado |
| Vos | hubieras almorzado / hubieses almorzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere almorzado |
| Tú | hubieres almorzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere almorzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos almorzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis almorzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren almorzado |
| Vos | hubieres almorzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté almorzando |
| Tú | estés almorzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté almorzando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos almorzando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis almorzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén almorzando |
| Vos | estés almorzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera almorzando / estuviese almorzando |
| Tú | estuvieras almorzando / estuvieses almorzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera almorzando / estuviese almorzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos almorzando / estuviésamos almorzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais almorzando / estuvieseis almorzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera almorzando / estuviese almorzando |
| Vos | estuvieras almorzando / estuvieses almorzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere almorzando |
| Tú | estuvieres almorzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere almorzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos almorzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis almorzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere almorzando |
| Vos | estuvieres almorzando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos almorzás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos almorzaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos almorzabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos almorzarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos almorzarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos almorces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos almorzaras / Vos almorzase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos almorzá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no almorces |