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Anticipar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to anticipate, bring forward, advance”.
Below are all of the conjugations for anticipar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to anticipate, bring forward, advance |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | anticipar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está anticipando) and past continuous (estaba anticipando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. anticipating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he anticipado and hubiera anticipado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have anticipated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | anticipando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | anticipado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I anticipate” or “they anticipate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | anticipo |
| Tú | anticipas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipa |
| Nosotros / as | anticipamos |
| Vosotros / as | anticipáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticipan |
| Vos | anticipás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I anticipated” or “she anticipated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | anticipé | I anticipated |
| Tú | anticipaste | You anticipated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipó | He / she / you anticipated |
| Nosotros / as | anticipamos | We anticipated |
| Vosotros / as | anticipasteis | You anticipated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticiparon | They / you anticipated |
| Vos | anticipaste | You anticipated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was anticipating” or “she was anticipating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | anticipaba | I was anticipating |
| Tú | anticipabas | You were anticipating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipaba | He was / she was / you were anticipating |
| Nosotros / as | anticipábamos | We were anticipating |
| Vosotros / as | anticipabais | You were anticipating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticipaban | They / you were anticipating |
| Vos | anticipabas | You were anticipating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have anticipated” and “she has anticipated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he anticipado | I have anticipated |
| Tú | has anticipado | You have anticipated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha anticipado | He has / she has / you have anticipated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos anticipado | We have anticipated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis anticipado | You have anticipated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han anticipado | They / you have anticipated |
| Vos | has anticipado | You have anticipated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would anticipate” or “she would anticipate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | anticiparía | I would anticipate |
| Tú | anticiparías | You would anticipate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticiparía | He / she / you would anticipate |
| Nosotros / as | anticiparíamos | We would anticipate |
| Vosotros / as | anticiparíais | You would anticipate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticiparían | They / you would anticipate |
| Vos | anticiparías | You would anticipate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will anticipate” or “they will anticipate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a anticipar” means “They are going to anticipate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | anticiparé | I will anticipate |
| Tú | anticiparás | You will anticipate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipará | He / she / you will anticipate |
| Nosotros / as | anticiparemos | We will anticipate |
| Vosotros / as | anticiparéis | You will anticipate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticiparán | They / you will anticipate |
| Vos | anticiparás | You will anticipate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | anticipe |
| Tú | anticipes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipe |
| Nosotros / as | anticipemos |
| Vosotros / as | anticipéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticipen |
| Vos | anticipes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | anticipara | anticipase |
| Tú | anticiparas | anticipase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipara | anticipase |
| Nosotros / as | anticipáramos | anticipásemos |
| Vosotros / as | anticiparais | anticipaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticiparan | anticipasen |
| Vos | anticiparas | anticipase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | anticipare |
| Tú | anticipares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipare |
| Nosotros / as | anticipáremos |
| Vosotros / as | anticipareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticiparen |
| Vos | anticipares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “anticipate!” and “don’t anticipate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | anticipa | no anticipes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | anticipe | no anticipe |
| Nosotros / as | anticipemos | no anticipemos |
| Vosotros / as | anticipad | no anticipéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | anticipen | no anticipen |
| Vos | anticipá | no anticipes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya anticipado |
| Tú | hayas anticipado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya anticipado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos anticipado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis anticipado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan anticipado |
| Vos | hayas anticipado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera anticipado / hubiese anticipado |
| Tú | hubieras anticipado / hubieses anticipado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera anticipado / hubiese anticipado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos anticipado / hubiésemos anticipado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais anticipado / hubieseis anticipado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran anticipado / hubiesen anticipado |
| Vos | hubieras anticipado / hubieses anticipado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere anticipado |
| Tú | hubieres anticipado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere anticipado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos anticipado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis anticipado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren anticipado |
| Vos | hubieres anticipado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté anticipando |
| Tú | estés anticipando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté anticipando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos anticipando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis anticipando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén anticipando |
| Vos | estés anticipando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera anticipando / estuviese anticipando |
| Tú | estuvieras anticipando / estuvieses anticipando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera anticipando / estuviese anticipando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos anticipando / estuviésamos anticipando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais anticipando / estuvieseis anticipando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera anticipando / estuviese anticipando |
| Vos | estuvieras anticipando / estuvieses anticipando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere anticipando |
| Tú | estuvieres anticipando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere anticipando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos anticipando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis anticipando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere anticipando |
| Vos | estuvieres anticipando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos anticipás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos anticipaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos anticipabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos anticiparías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos anticiparás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos anticipes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos anticiparas / Vos anticipase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos anticipá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no anticipes |