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Apestar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to stink, smell, annoy, infect”.
Below are all of the conjugations for apestar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to stink, smell, annoy, infect |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | apestar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está apestando) and past continuous (estaba apestando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. smelling).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he apestado and hubiera apestado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have smelled).
| Gerundio / Gerund | apestando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | apestado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I smell” or “they smell”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | apesto |
| Tú | apestas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apesta |
| Nosotros / as | apestamos |
| Vosotros / as | apestáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestan |
| Vos | apestás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I smelled” or “she smelled” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | apesté | I smelled |
| Tú | apestaste | You smelled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestó | He / she / you smelled |
| Nosotros / as | apestamos | We smelled |
| Vosotros / as | apestasteis | You smelled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestaron | They / you smelled |
| Vos | apestaste | You smelled |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was smelling” or “she was smelling” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | apestaba | I was smelling |
| Tú | apestabas | You were smelling |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestaba | He was / she was / you were smelling |
| Nosotros / as | apestábamos | We were smelling |
| Vosotros / as | apestabais | You were smelling |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestaban | They / you were smelling |
| Vos | apestabas | You were smelling |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have smelled” and “she has smelled”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he apestado | I have smelled |
| Tú | has apestado | You have smelled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha apestado | He has / she has / you have smelled |
| Nosotros / as | hemos apestado | We have smelled |
| Vosotros / as | habéis apestado | You have smelled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han apestado | They / you have smelled |
| Vos | has apestado | You have smelled |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would smell” or “she would smell”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | apestaría | I would smell |
| Tú | apestarías | You would smell |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestaría | He / she / you would smell |
| Nosotros / as | apestaríamos | We would smell |
| Vosotros / as | apestaríais | You would smell |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestarían | They / you would smell |
| Vos | apestarías | You would smell |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will smell” or “they will smell”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a apestar” means “They are going to smell”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | apestaré | I will smell |
| Tú | apestarás | You will smell |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestará | He / she / you will smell |
| Nosotros / as | apestaremos | We will smell |
| Vosotros / as | apestaréis | You will smell |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestarán | They / you will smell |
| Vos | apestarás | You will smell |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | apeste |
| Tú | apestes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apeste |
| Nosotros / as | apestemos |
| Vosotros / as | apestéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apesten |
| Vos | apestes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | apestara | apestase |
| Tú | apestaras | apestase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestara | apestase |
| Nosotros / as | apestáramos | apestásemos |
| Vosotros / as | apestarais | apestaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestaran | apestasen |
| Vos | apestaras | apestase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | apestare |
| Tú | apestares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apestare |
| Nosotros / as | apestáremos |
| Vosotros / as | apestareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apestaren |
| Vos | apestares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “smell!” and “don’t smell!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | apesta | no apestes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apeste | no apeste |
| Nosotros / as | apestemos | no apestemos |
| Vosotros / as | apestad | no apestéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apesten | no apesten |
| Vos | apestá | no apestes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya apestado |
| Tú | hayas apestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya apestado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos apestado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis apestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan apestado |
| Vos | hayas apestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera apestado / hubiese apestado |
| Tú | hubieras apestado / hubieses apestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera apestado / hubiese apestado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos apestado / hubiésemos apestado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais apestado / hubieseis apestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran apestado / hubiesen apestado |
| Vos | hubieras apestado / hubieses apestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere apestado |
| Tú | hubieres apestado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere apestado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos apestado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis apestado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren apestado |
| Vos | hubieres apestado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté apestando |
| Tú | estés apestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté apestando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos apestando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis apestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén apestando |
| Vos | estés apestando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera apestando / estuviese apestando |
| Tú | estuvieras apestando / estuvieses apestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera apestando / estuviese apestando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos apestando / estuviésamos apestando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais apestando / estuvieseis apestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera apestando / estuviese apestando |
| Vos | estuvieras apestando / estuvieses apestando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere apestando |
| Tú | estuvieres apestando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere apestando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos apestando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis apestando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere apestando |
| Vos | estuvieres apestando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos apestás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos apestaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos apestabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos apestarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos apestarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos apestes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos apestaras / Vos apestase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos apestá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no apestes |