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Apresurarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to hurry, hasten, rush”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me apresuro) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que apresurarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for apresurarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to hurry, hasten, rush |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | apresurarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está apresurándose) and past continuous (estaba apresurándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. hurrying).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he apresurado and hubiera apresurado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have hurried).
| Gerundio / Gerund | apresurándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | apresurado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I hurry” or “they hurry”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me apresuro |
| Tú | te apresuras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresura |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuramos |
| Vosotros / as | os apresuráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuran |
| Vos | te apresurás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I hurried” or “she hurried” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me apresuré | I hurried |
| Tú | te apresuraste | You hurried |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresuró | He / she / you hurried |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuramos | We hurried |
| Vosotros / as | os apresurasteis | You hurried |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuraron | They / you hurried |
| Vos | te apresuraste | You hurried |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was hurrying” or “she was hurrying” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me apresuraba | I was hurrying |
| Tú | te apresurabas | You were hurrying |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresuraba | He was / she was / you were hurrying |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresurábamos | We were hurrying |
| Vosotros / as | os apresurabais | You were hurrying |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuraban | They / you were hurrying |
| Vos | te apresurabas | You were hurrying |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have hurried” and “she has hurried”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he apresurado | I have hurried |
| Tú | te has apresurado | You have hurried |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha apresurado | He has / she has / you have hurried |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos apresurado | We have hurried |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis apresurado | You have hurried |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han apresurado | They / you have hurried |
| Vos | te has apresurado | You have hurried |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would hurry” or “she would hurry”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me apresuraría | I would hurry |
| Tú | te apresurarías | You would hurry |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresuraría | He / she / you would hurry |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuraríamos | We would hurry |
| Vosotros / as | os apresuraríais | You would hurry |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresurarían | They / you would hurry |
| Vos | te apresurarías | You would hurry |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will hurry” or “they will hurry”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a apresurarse” means “They are going to hurry”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me apresuraré | I will hurry |
| Tú | te apresurarás | You will hurry |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresurará | He / she / you will hurry |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuraremos | We will hurry |
| Vosotros / as | os apresuraréis | You will hurry |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresurarán | They / you will hurry |
| Vos | te apresurarás | You will hurry |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me apresure |
| Tú | te apresures |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresure |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuremos |
| Vosotros / as | os apresuréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuren |
| Vos | te apresures |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me apresurara | me apresurase |
| Tú | te apresuraras | me apresurase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresurara | se apresurase |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuráramos | nos apresurásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os apresurarais | os apresuraseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuraran | se apresurasen |
| Vos | te apresuraras | me apresurase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me apresurare |
| Tú | te apresurares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se apresurare |
| Nosotros / as | nos apresuráremos |
| Vosotros / as | os apresurareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se apresuraren |
| Vos | te apresurares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “hurry!” and “don’t hurry!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | apresúrate | no te apresures |
| Él / Ella / Usted | apresúrese | no se apresure |
| Nosotros / as | apresurémonos | no nos apresuremos |
| Vosotros / as | apresuraos | no os apresuréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | apresúrense | no se apresuren |
| Vos | apresurate | no te apresures |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya apresurado |
| Tú | hayas apresurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya apresurado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos apresurado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis apresurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan apresurado |
| Vos | hayas apresurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera apresurado / hubiese apresurado |
| Tú | hubieras apresurado / hubieses apresurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera apresurado / hubiese apresurado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos apresurado / hubiésemos apresurado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais apresurado / hubieseis apresurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran apresurado / hubiesen apresurado |
| Vos | hubieras apresurado / hubieses apresurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere apresurado |
| Tú | hubieres apresurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere apresurado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos apresurado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis apresurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren apresurado |
| Vos | hubieres apresurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté apresurándose |
| Tú | estés apresurándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté apresurándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos apresurándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis apresurándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén apresurándose |
| Vos | estés apresurándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera apresurándose / estuviese apresurándose |
| Tú | estuvieras apresurándose / estuvieses apresurándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera apresurándose / estuviese apresurándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos apresurándose / estuviésamos apresurándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais apresurándose / estuvieseis apresurándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera apresurándose / estuviese apresurándose |
| Vos | estuvieras apresurándose / estuvieses apresurándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere apresurándose |
| Tú | estuvieres apresurándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere apresurándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos apresurándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis apresurándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere apresurándose |
| Vos | estuvieres apresurándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos te apresurás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te apresuraste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te apresurabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te apresurarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te apresurarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te apresures |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te apresuraras / Vos me apresurase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos apresurate |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te apresures |