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Arrancar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to pull up, snatch, start, set off”.
Below are all of the conjugations for arrancar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to pull up, snatch, start, set off |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | arrancar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está arrancando) and past continuous (estaba arrancando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. snatching).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he arrancado and hubiera arrancado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have snatched).
| Gerundio / Gerund | arrancando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | arrancado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I snatch” or “they snatch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arranco |
| Tú | arrancas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arranca |
| Nosotros / as | arrancamos |
| Vosotros / as | arrancáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancan |
| Vos | arrancás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I snatched” or “she snatched” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arranqué | I snatched |
| Tú | arrancaste | You snatched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancó | He / she / you snatched |
| Nosotros / as | arrancamos | We snatched |
| Vosotros / as | arrancasteis | You snatched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancaron | They / you snatched |
| Vos | arrancaste | You snatched |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was snatching” or “she was snatching” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrancaba | I was snatching |
| Tú | arrancabas | You were snatching |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancaba | He was / she was / you were snatching |
| Nosotros / as | arrancábamos | We were snatching |
| Vosotros / as | arrancabais | You were snatching |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancaban | They / you were snatching |
| Vos | arrancabas | You were snatching |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have snatched” and “she has snatched”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he arrancado | I have snatched |
| Tú | has arrancado | You have snatched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha arrancado | He has / she has / you have snatched |
| Nosotros / as | hemos arrancado | We have snatched |
| Vosotros / as | habéis arrancado | You have snatched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han arrancado | They / you have snatched |
| Vos | has arrancado | You have snatched |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would snatch” or “she would snatch”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrancaría | I would snatch |
| Tú | arrancarías | You would snatch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancaría | He / she / you would snatch |
| Nosotros / as | arrancaríamos | We would snatch |
| Vosotros / as | arrancaríais | You would snatch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancarían | They / you would snatch |
| Vos | arrancarías | You would snatch |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will snatch” or “they will snatch”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a arrancar” means “They are going to snatch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrancaré | I will snatch |
| Tú | arrancarás | You will snatch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancará | He / she / you will snatch |
| Nosotros / as | arrancaremos | We will snatch |
| Vosotros / as | arrancaréis | You will snatch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancarán | They / you will snatch |
| Vos | arrancarás | You will snatch |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arranque |
| Tú | arranques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arranque |
| Nosotros / as | arranquemos |
| Vosotros / as | arranquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arranquen |
| Vos | arranques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrancara | arrancase |
| Tú | arrancaras | arrancase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancara | arrancase |
| Nosotros / as | arrancáramos | arrancásemos |
| Vosotros / as | arrancarais | arrancaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancaran | arrancasen |
| Vos | arrancaras | arrancase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arrancare |
| Tú | arrancares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrancare |
| Nosotros / as | arrancáremos |
| Vosotros / as | arrancareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrancaren |
| Vos | arrancares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “snatch!” and “don’t snatch!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | arranca | no arranques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arranque | no arranque |
| Nosotros / as | arranquemos | no arranquemos |
| Vosotros / as | arrancad | no arranquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arranquen | no arranquen |
| Vos | arrancá | no arranques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya arrancado |
| Tú | hayas arrancado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya arrancado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos arrancado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis arrancado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan arrancado |
| Vos | hayas arrancado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera arrancado / hubiese arrancado |
| Tú | hubieras arrancado / hubieses arrancado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera arrancado / hubiese arrancado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos arrancado / hubiésemos arrancado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais arrancado / hubieseis arrancado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran arrancado / hubiesen arrancado |
| Vos | hubieras arrancado / hubieses arrancado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere arrancado |
| Tú | hubieres arrancado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere arrancado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos arrancado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis arrancado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren arrancado |
| Vos | hubieres arrancado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté arrancando |
| Tú | estés arrancando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté arrancando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos arrancando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis arrancando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén arrancando |
| Vos | estés arrancando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera arrancando / estuviese arrancando |
| Tú | estuvieras arrancando / estuvieses arrancando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera arrancando / estuviese arrancando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos arrancando / estuviésamos arrancando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais arrancando / estuvieseis arrancando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera arrancando / estuviese arrancando |
| Vos | estuvieras arrancando / estuvieses arrancando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere arrancando |
| Tú | estuvieres arrancando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere arrancando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos arrancando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis arrancando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere arrancando |
| Vos | estuvieres arrancando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos arrancás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos arrancaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos arrancabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos arrancarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos arrancarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos arranques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos arrancaras / Vos arrancase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos arrancá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no arranques |