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Arrugar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to wrinkle, crease”.
Below are all of the conjugations for arrugar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to wrinkle, crease |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | arrugar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está arrugando) and past continuous (estaba arrugando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. wrinkling).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he arrugado and hubiera arrugado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have wrinkled).
| Gerundio / Gerund | arrugando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | arrugado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I wrinkle” or “they wrinkle”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arrugo |
| Tú | arrugas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arruga |
| Nosotros / as | arrugamos |
| Vosotros / as | arrugáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugan |
| Vos | arrugás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I wrinkled” or “she wrinkled” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrugué | I wrinkled |
| Tú | arrugaste | You wrinkled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugó | He / she / you wrinkled |
| Nosotros / as | arrugamos | We wrinkled |
| Vosotros / as | arrugasteis | You wrinkled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugaron | They / you wrinkled |
| Vos | arrugaste | You wrinkled |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was wrinkling” or “she was wrinkling” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrugaba | I was wrinkling |
| Tú | arrugabas | You were wrinkling |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugaba | He was / she was / you were wrinkling |
| Nosotros / as | arrugábamos | We were wrinkling |
| Vosotros / as | arrugabais | You were wrinkling |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugaban | They / you were wrinkling |
| Vos | arrugabas | You were wrinkling |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have wrinkled” and “she has wrinkled”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he arrugado | I have wrinkled |
| Tú | has arrugado | You have wrinkled |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha arrugado | He has / she has / you have wrinkled |
| Nosotros / as | hemos arrugado | We have wrinkled |
| Vosotros / as | habéis arrugado | You have wrinkled |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han arrugado | They / you have wrinkled |
| Vos | has arrugado | You have wrinkled |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would wrinkle” or “she would wrinkle”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrugaría | I would wrinkle |
| Tú | arrugarías | You would wrinkle |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugaría | He / she / you would wrinkle |
| Nosotros / as | arrugaríamos | We would wrinkle |
| Vosotros / as | arrugaríais | You would wrinkle |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugarían | They / you would wrinkle |
| Vos | arrugarías | You would wrinkle |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will wrinkle” or “they will wrinkle”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a arrugar” means “They are going to wrinkle”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrugaré | I will wrinkle |
| Tú | arrugarás | You will wrinkle |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugará | He / she / you will wrinkle |
| Nosotros / as | arrugaremos | We will wrinkle |
| Vosotros / as | arrugaréis | You will wrinkle |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugarán | They / you will wrinkle |
| Vos | arrugarás | You will wrinkle |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arrugue |
| Tú | arrugues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugue |
| Nosotros / as | arruguemos |
| Vosotros / as | arruguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arruguen |
| Vos | arrugues |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | arrugara | arrugase |
| Tú | arrugaras | arrugase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugara | arrugase |
| Nosotros / as | arrugáramos | arrugásemos |
| Vosotros / as | arrugarais | arrugaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugaran | arrugasen |
| Vos | arrugaras | arrugase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | arrugare |
| Tú | arrugares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugare |
| Nosotros / as | arrugáremos |
| Vosotros / as | arrugareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arrugaren |
| Vos | arrugares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “wrinkle!” and “don’t wrinkle!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | arruga | no arrugues |
| Él / Ella / Usted | arrugue | no arrugue |
| Nosotros / as | arruguemos | no arruguemos |
| Vosotros / as | arrugad | no arruguéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | arruguen | no arruguen |
| Vos | arrugá | no arrugues |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya arrugado |
| Tú | hayas arrugado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya arrugado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos arrugado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis arrugado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan arrugado |
| Vos | hayas arrugado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera arrugado / hubiese arrugado |
| Tú | hubieras arrugado / hubieses arrugado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera arrugado / hubiese arrugado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos arrugado / hubiésemos arrugado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais arrugado / hubieseis arrugado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran arrugado / hubiesen arrugado |
| Vos | hubieras arrugado / hubieses arrugado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere arrugado |
| Tú | hubieres arrugado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere arrugado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos arrugado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis arrugado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren arrugado |
| Vos | hubieres arrugado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté arrugando |
| Tú | estés arrugando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté arrugando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos arrugando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis arrugando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén arrugando |
| Vos | estés arrugando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera arrugando / estuviese arrugando |
| Tú | estuvieras arrugando / estuvieses arrugando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera arrugando / estuviese arrugando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos arrugando / estuviésamos arrugando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais arrugando / estuvieseis arrugando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera arrugando / estuviese arrugando |
| Vos | estuvieras arrugando / estuvieses arrugando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere arrugando |
| Tú | estuvieres arrugando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere arrugando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos arrugando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis arrugando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere arrugando |
| Vos | estuvieres arrugando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos arrugás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos arrugaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos arrugabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos arrugarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos arrugarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos arrugues |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos arrugaras / Vos arrugase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos arrugá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no arrugues |