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Asar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to roast, feel very hot”.
Below are all of the conjugations for asar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to roast, feel very hot |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | asar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está asando) and past continuous (estaba asando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. roasting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he asado and hubiera asado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have roasted).
| Gerundio / Gerund | asando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | asado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I roast” or “they roast”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | aso |
| Tú | asas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asa |
| Nosotros / as | asamos |
| Vosotros / as | asáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asan |
| Vos | asás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I roasted” or “she roasted” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | asé | I roasted |
| Tú | asaste | You roasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asó | He / she / you roasted |
| Nosotros / as | asamos | We roasted |
| Vosotros / as | asasteis | You roasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asaron | They / you roasted |
| Vos | asaste | You roasted |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was roasting” or “she was roasting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | asaba | I was roasting |
| Tú | asabas | You were roasting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asaba | He was / she was / you were roasting |
| Nosotros / as | asábamos | We were roasting |
| Vosotros / as | asabais | You were roasting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asaban | They / you were roasting |
| Vos | asabas | You were roasting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have roasted” and “she has roasted”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he asado | I have roasted |
| Tú | has asado | You have roasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha asado | He has / she has / you have roasted |
| Nosotros / as | hemos asado | We have roasted |
| Vosotros / as | habéis asado | You have roasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han asado | They / you have roasted |
| Vos | has asado | You have roasted |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would roast” or “she would roast”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | asaría | I would roast |
| Tú | asarías | You would roast |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asaría | He / she / you would roast |
| Nosotros / as | asaríamos | We would roast |
| Vosotros / as | asaríais | You would roast |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asarían | They / you would roast |
| Vos | asarías | You would roast |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will roast” or “they will roast”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a asar” means “They are going to roast”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | asaré | I will roast |
| Tú | asarás | You will roast |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asará | He / she / you will roast |
| Nosotros / as | asaremos | We will roast |
| Vosotros / as | asaréis | You will roast |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asarán | They / you will roast |
| Vos | asarás | You will roast |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ase |
| Tú | ases |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ase |
| Nosotros / as | asemos |
| Vosotros / as | aséis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asen |
| Vos | ases |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | asara | asase |
| Tú | asaras | asase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asara | asase |
| Nosotros / as | asáramos | asásemos |
| Vosotros / as | asarais | asaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asaran | asasen |
| Vos | asaras | asase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | asare |
| Tú | asares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | asare |
| Nosotros / as | asáremos |
| Vosotros / as | asareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asaren |
| Vos | asares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “roast!” and “don’t roast!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | asa | no ases |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ase | no ase |
| Nosotros / as | asemos | no asemos |
| Vosotros / as | asad | no aséis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | asen | no asen |
| Vos | asá | no ases |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya asado |
| Tú | hayas asado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya asado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos asado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis asado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan asado |
| Vos | hayas asado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera asado / hubiese asado |
| Tú | hubieras asado / hubieses asado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera asado / hubiese asado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos asado / hubiésemos asado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais asado / hubieseis asado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran asado / hubiesen asado |
| Vos | hubieras asado / hubieses asado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere asado |
| Tú | hubieres asado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere asado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos asado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis asado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren asado |
| Vos | hubieres asado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté asando |
| Tú | estés asando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté asando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos asando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis asando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén asando |
| Vos | estés asando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera asando / estuviese asando |
| Tú | estuvieras asando / estuvieses asando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera asando / estuviese asando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos asando / estuviésamos asando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais asando / estuvieseis asando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera asando / estuviese asando |
| Vos | estuvieras asando / estuvieses asando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere asando |
| Tú | estuvieres asando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere asando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos asando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis asando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere asando |
| Vos | estuvieres asando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos asás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos asaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos asabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos asarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos asarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos ases |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos asaras / Vos asase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos asá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no ases |