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Atragantarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to choke, get confused”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me atraganto) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que atragantarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for atragantarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to choke, get confused |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | atragantarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está atragantándose) and past continuous (estaba atragantándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. choking).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he atragantado and hubiera atragantado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have choked).
| Gerundio / Gerund | atragantándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | atragantado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I choke” or “they choke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me atraganto |
| Tú | te atragantas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atraganta |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantamos |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantan |
| Vos | te atragantás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I choked” or “she choked” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me atraganté | I choked |
| Tú | te atragantaste | You choked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantó | He / she / you choked |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantamos | We choked |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantasteis | You choked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantaron | They / you choked |
| Vos | te atragantaste | You choked |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was choking” or “she was choking” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me atragantaba | I was choking |
| Tú | te atragantabas | You were choking |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantaba | He was / she was / you were choking |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantábamos | We were choking |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantabais | You were choking |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantaban | They / you were choking |
| Vos | te atragantabas | You were choking |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have choked” and “she has choked”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he atragantado | I have choked |
| Tú | te has atragantado | You have choked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha atragantado | He has / she has / you have choked |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos atragantado | We have choked |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis atragantado | You have choked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han atragantado | They / you have choked |
| Vos | te has atragantado | You have choked |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would choke” or “she would choke”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me atragantaría | I would choke |
| Tú | te atragantarías | You would choke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantaría | He / she / you would choke |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantaríamos | We would choke |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantaríais | You would choke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantarían | They / you would choke |
| Vos | te atragantarías | You would choke |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will choke” or “they will choke”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a atragantarse” means “They are going to choke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me atragantaré | I will choke |
| Tú | te atragantarás | You will choke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantará | He / she / you will choke |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantaremos | We will choke |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantaréis | You will choke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantarán | They / you will choke |
| Vos | te atragantarás | You will choke |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me atragante |
| Tú | te atragantes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragante |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantemos |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atraganten |
| Vos | te atragantes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me atragantara | me atragantase |
| Tú | te atragantaras | me atragantase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantara | se atragantase |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantáramos | nos atragantásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantarais | os atragantaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantaran | se atragantasen |
| Vos | te atragantaras | me atragantase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me atragantare |
| Tú | te atragantares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se atragantare |
| Nosotros / as | nos atragantáremos |
| Vosotros / as | os atragantareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se atragantaren |
| Vos | te atragantares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “choke!” and “don’t choke!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | atragántate | no te atragantes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atragántese | no se atragante |
| Nosotros / as | atragantémonos | no nos atragantemos |
| Vosotros / as | atragantaos | no os atragantéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atragántense | no se atraganten |
| Vos | atragantate | no te atragantes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya atragantado |
| Tú | hayas atragantado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya atragantado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos atragantado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis atragantado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan atragantado |
| Vos | hayas atragantado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera atragantado / hubiese atragantado |
| Tú | hubieras atragantado / hubieses atragantado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera atragantado / hubiese atragantado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos atragantado / hubiésemos atragantado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais atragantado / hubieseis atragantado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran atragantado / hubiesen atragantado |
| Vos | hubieras atragantado / hubieses atragantado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere atragantado |
| Tú | hubieres atragantado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere atragantado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos atragantado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis atragantado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren atragantado |
| Vos | hubieres atragantado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté atragantándose |
| Tú | estés atragantándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté atragantándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos atragantándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis atragantándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén atragantándose |
| Vos | estés atragantándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera atragantándose / estuviese atragantándose |
| Tú | estuvieras atragantándose / estuvieses atragantándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera atragantándose / estuviese atragantándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos atragantándose / estuviésamos atragantándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais atragantándose / estuvieseis atragantándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera atragantándose / estuviese atragantándose |
| Vos | estuvieras atragantándose / estuvieses atragantándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere atragantándose |
| Tú | estuvieres atragantándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere atragantándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos atragantándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis atragantándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere atragantándose |
| Vos | estuvieres atragantándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos te atragantás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te atragantaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te atragantabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te atragantarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te atragantarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te atragantes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te atragantaras / Vos me atragantase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos atragantate |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te atragantes |