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Atropellar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to trample down, run over, knock down”.
Below are all of the conjugations for atropellar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to trample down, run over, knock down |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | atropellar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está atropellando) and past continuous (estaba atropellando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. running over).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he atropellado and hubiera atropellado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have run over).
| Gerundio / Gerund | atropellando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | atropellado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I run over” or “they run over”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | atropello |
| Tú | atropellas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropella |
| Nosotros / as | atropellamos |
| Vosotros / as | atropelláis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellan |
| Vos | atropellás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I ran over” or “she ran over” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | atropellé | I ran over |
| Tú | atropellaste | You ran over |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropelló | He / she / you ran over |
| Nosotros / as | atropellamos | We ran over |
| Vosotros / as | atropellasteis | You ran over |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellaron | They / you ran over |
| Vos | atropellaste | You ran over |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was running over” or “she was running over” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | atropellaba | I was running over |
| Tú | atropellabas | You were running over |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropellaba | He was / she was / you were running over |
| Nosotros / as | atropellábamos | We were running over |
| Vosotros / as | atropellabais | You were running over |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellaban | They / you were running over |
| Vos | atropellabas | You were running over |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have run over” and “she has run over”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he atropellado | I have run over |
| Tú | has atropellado | You have run over |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha atropellado | He has / she has / you have run over |
| Nosotros / as | hemos atropellado | We have run over |
| Vosotros / as | habéis atropellado | You have run over |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han atropellado | They / you have run over |
| Vos | has atropellado | You have run over |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would run over” or “she would run over”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | atropellaría | I would run over |
| Tú | atropellarías | You would run over |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropellaría | He / she / you would run over |
| Nosotros / as | atropellaríamos | We would run over |
| Vosotros / as | atropellaríais | You would run over |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellarían | They / you would run over |
| Vos | atropellarías | You would run over |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will run over” or “they will run over”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a atropellar” means “They are going to run over”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | atropellaré | I will run over |
| Tú | atropellarás | You will run over |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropellará | He / she / you will run over |
| Nosotros / as | atropellaremos | We will run over |
| Vosotros / as | atropellaréis | You will run over |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellarán | They / you will run over |
| Vos | atropellarás | You will run over |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | atropelle |
| Tú | atropelles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropelle |
| Nosotros / as | atropellemos |
| Vosotros / as | atropelléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellen |
| Vos | atropelles |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | atropellara | atropellase |
| Tú | atropellaras | atropellase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropellara | atropellase |
| Nosotros / as | atropelláramos | atropellásemos |
| Vosotros / as | atropellarais | atropellaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellaran | atropellasen |
| Vos | atropellaras | atropellase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | atropellare |
| Tú | atropellares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropellare |
| Nosotros / as | atropelláremos |
| Vosotros / as | atropellareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellaren |
| Vos | atropellares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “run over!” and “don’t run over!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | atropella | no atropelles |
| Él / Ella / Usted | atropelle | no atropelle |
| Nosotros / as | atropellemos | no atropellemos |
| Vosotros / as | atropellad | no atropelléis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | atropellen | no atropellen |
| Vos | atropellá | no atropelles |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya atropellado |
| Tú | hayas atropellado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya atropellado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos atropellado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis atropellado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan atropellado |
| Vos | hayas atropellado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera atropellado / hubiese atropellado |
| Tú | hubieras atropellado / hubieses atropellado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera atropellado / hubiese atropellado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos atropellado / hubiésemos atropellado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais atropellado / hubieseis atropellado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran atropellado / hubiesen atropellado |
| Vos | hubieras atropellado / hubieses atropellado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere atropellado |
| Tú | hubieres atropellado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere atropellado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos atropellado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis atropellado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren atropellado |
| Vos | hubieres atropellado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté atropellando |
| Tú | estés atropellando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté atropellando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos atropellando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis atropellando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén atropellando |
| Vos | estés atropellando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera atropellando / estuviese atropellando |
| Tú | estuvieras atropellando / estuvieses atropellando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera atropellando / estuviese atropellando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos atropellando / estuviésamos atropellando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais atropellando / estuvieseis atropellando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera atropellando / estuviese atropellando |
| Vos | estuvieras atropellando / estuvieses atropellando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere atropellando |
| Tú | estuvieres atropellando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere atropellando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos atropellando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis atropellando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere atropellando |
| Vos | estuvieres atropellando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos atropellás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos atropellaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos atropellabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos atropellarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos atropellarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos atropelles |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos atropellaras / Vos atropellase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos atropellá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no atropelles |