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Beneficiar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to benefit, profit, help”.
Below are all of the conjugations for beneficiar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to benefit, profit, help |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | beneficiar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está beneficiando) and past continuous (estaba beneficiando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. benefiting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he beneficiado and hubiera beneficiado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have benefited).
| Gerundio / Gerund | beneficiando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | beneficiado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I benefit” or “they benefit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | beneficio |
| Tú | beneficias |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficia |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiamos |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | benefician |
| Vos | beneficiás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I benefited” or “she benefited” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | beneficié | I benefited |
| Tú | beneficiaste | You benefited |
| Él / Ella / Usted | benefició | He / she / you benefited |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiamos | We benefited |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiasteis | You benefited |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiaron | They / you benefited |
| Vos | beneficiaste | You benefited |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was benefiting” or “she was benefiting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | beneficiaba | I was benefiting |
| Tú | beneficiabas | You were benefiting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficiaba | He was / she was / you were benefiting |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiábamos | We were benefiting |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiabais | You were benefiting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiaban | They / you were benefiting |
| Vos | beneficiabas | You were benefiting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have benefited” and “she has benefited”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he beneficiado | I have benefited |
| Tú | has beneficiado | You have benefited |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha beneficiado | He has / she has / you have benefited |
| Nosotros / as | hemos beneficiado | We have benefited |
| Vosotros / as | habéis beneficiado | You have benefited |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han beneficiado | They / you have benefited |
| Vos | has beneficiado | You have benefited |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would benefit” or “she would benefit”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | beneficiaría | I would benefit |
| Tú | beneficiarías | You would benefit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficiaría | He / she / you would benefit |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiaríamos | We would benefit |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiaríais | You would benefit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiarían | They / you would benefit |
| Vos | beneficiarías | You would benefit |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will benefit” or “they will benefit”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a beneficiar” means “They are going to benefit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | beneficiaré | I will benefit |
| Tú | beneficiarás | You will benefit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficiará | He / she / you will benefit |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiaremos | We will benefit |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiaréis | You will benefit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiarán | They / you will benefit |
| Vos | beneficiarás | You will benefit |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | beneficie |
| Tú | beneficies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficie |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiemos |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficien |
| Vos | beneficies |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | beneficiara | beneficiase |
| Tú | beneficiaras | beneficiase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficiara | beneficiase |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiáramos | beneficiásemos |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiarais | beneficiaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiaran | beneficiasen |
| Vos | beneficiaras | beneficiase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | beneficiare |
| Tú | beneficiares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficiare |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiáremos |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficiaren |
| Vos | beneficiares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “benefit!” and “don’t benefit!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | beneficia | no beneficies |
| Él / Ella / Usted | beneficie | no beneficie |
| Nosotros / as | beneficiemos | no beneficiemos |
| Vosotros / as | beneficiad | no beneficiéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | beneficien | no beneficien |
| Vos | beneficiá | no beneficies |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya beneficiado |
| Tú | hayas beneficiado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya beneficiado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos beneficiado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis beneficiado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan beneficiado |
| Vos | hayas beneficiado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera beneficiado / hubiese beneficiado |
| Tú | hubieras beneficiado / hubieses beneficiado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera beneficiado / hubiese beneficiado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos beneficiado / hubiésemos beneficiado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais beneficiado / hubieseis beneficiado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran beneficiado / hubiesen beneficiado |
| Vos | hubieras beneficiado / hubieses beneficiado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere beneficiado |
| Tú | hubieres beneficiado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere beneficiado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos beneficiado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis beneficiado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren beneficiado |
| Vos | hubieres beneficiado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté beneficiando |
| Tú | estés beneficiando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté beneficiando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos beneficiando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis beneficiando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén beneficiando |
| Vos | estés beneficiando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera beneficiando / estuviese beneficiando |
| Tú | estuvieras beneficiando / estuvieses beneficiando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera beneficiando / estuviese beneficiando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos beneficiando / estuviésamos beneficiando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais beneficiando / estuvieseis beneficiando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera beneficiando / estuviese beneficiando |
| Vos | estuvieras beneficiando / estuvieses beneficiando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere beneficiando |
| Tú | estuvieres beneficiando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere beneficiando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos beneficiando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis beneficiando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere beneficiando |
| Vos | estuvieres beneficiando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos beneficiás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos beneficiaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos beneficiabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos beneficiarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos beneficiarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos beneficies |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos beneficiaras / Vos beneficiase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos beneficiá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no beneficies |