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Botar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to throw away, cast off, fire”.
Below are all of the conjugations for botar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to throw away, cast off, fire |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | botar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está botando) and past continuous (estaba botando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. throwing away).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he botado and hubiera botado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have thrown away).
| Gerundio / Gerund | botando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | botado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I throw away” or “they throw away”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | boto |
| Tú | botas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bota |
| Nosotros / as | botamos |
| Vosotros / as | botáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botan |
| Vos | botás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I threw away” or “she threw away” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | boté | I threw away |
| Tú | botaste | You threw away |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botó | He / she / you threw away |
| Nosotros / as | botamos | We threw away |
| Vosotros / as | botasteis | You threw away |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botaron | They / you threw away |
| Vos | botaste | You threw away |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was throwing away” or “she was throwing away” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | botaba | I was throwing away |
| Tú | botabas | You were throwing away |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botaba | He was / she was / you were throwing away |
| Nosotros / as | botábamos | We were throwing away |
| Vosotros / as | botabais | You were throwing away |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botaban | They / you were throwing away |
| Vos | botabas | You were throwing away |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have thrown away” and “she has thrown away”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he botado | I have thrown away |
| Tú | has botado | You have thrown away |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha botado | He has / she has / you have thrown away |
| Nosotros / as | hemos botado | We have thrown away |
| Vosotros / as | habéis botado | You have thrown away |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han botado | They / you have thrown away |
| Vos | has botado | You have thrown away |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would throw away” or “she would throw away”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | botaría | I would throw away |
| Tú | botarías | You would throw away |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botaría | He / she / you would throw away |
| Nosotros / as | botaríamos | We would throw away |
| Vosotros / as | botaríais | You would throw away |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botarían | They / you would throw away |
| Vos | botarías | You would throw away |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will throw away” or “they will throw away”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a botar” means “They are going to throw away”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | botaré | I will throw away |
| Tú | botarás | You will throw away |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botará | He / she / you will throw away |
| Nosotros / as | botaremos | We will throw away |
| Vosotros / as | botaréis | You will throw away |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botarán | They / you will throw away |
| Vos | botarás | You will throw away |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bote |
| Tú | botes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bote |
| Nosotros / as | botemos |
| Vosotros / as | botéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | boten |
| Vos | botes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | botara | botase |
| Tú | botaras | botase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botara | botase |
| Nosotros / as | botáramos | botásemos |
| Vosotros / as | botarais | botaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botaran | botasen |
| Vos | botaras | botase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | botare |
| Tú | botares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | botare |
| Nosotros / as | botáremos |
| Vosotros / as | botareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | botaren |
| Vos | botares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “throw away!” and “don’t throw away!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | bota | no botes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bote | no bote |
| Nosotros / as | botemos | no botemos |
| Vosotros / as | botad | no botéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | boten | no boten |
| Vos | botá | no botes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya botado |
| Tú | hayas botado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya botado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos botado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis botado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan botado |
| Vos | hayas botado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera botado / hubiese botado |
| Tú | hubieras botado / hubieses botado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera botado / hubiese botado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos botado / hubiésemos botado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais botado / hubieseis botado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran botado / hubiesen botado |
| Vos | hubieras botado / hubieses botado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere botado |
| Tú | hubieres botado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere botado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos botado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis botado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren botado |
| Vos | hubieres botado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté botando |
| Tú | estés botando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté botando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos botando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis botando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén botando |
| Vos | estés botando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera botando / estuviese botando |
| Tú | estuvieras botando / estuvieses botando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera botando / estuviese botando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos botando / estuviésamos botando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais botando / estuvieseis botando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera botando / estuviese botando |
| Vos | estuvieras botando / estuvieses botando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere botando |
| Tú | estuvieres botando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere botando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos botando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis botando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere botando |
| Vos | estuvieres botando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos botás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos botaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos botabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos botarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos botarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos botes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos botaras / Vos botase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos botá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no botes |