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Brindar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to offer, toast, invite”.
Below are all of the conjugations for brindar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to offer, toast, invite |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | brindar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está brindando) and past continuous (estaba brindando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. toasting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he brindado and hubiera brindado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have toasted).
| Gerundio / Gerund | brindando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | brindado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I toast” or “they toast”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | brindo |
| Tú | brindas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brinda |
| Nosotros / as | brindamos |
| Vosotros / as | brindáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindan |
| Vos | brindás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I toasted” or “she toasted” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | brindé | I toasted |
| Tú | brindaste | You toasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindó | He / she / you toasted |
| Nosotros / as | brindamos | We toasted |
| Vosotros / as | brindasteis | You toasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindaron | They / you toasted |
| Vos | brindaste | You toasted |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was toasting” or “she was toasting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | brindaba | I was toasting |
| Tú | brindabas | You were toasting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindaba | He was / she was / you were toasting |
| Nosotros / as | brindábamos | We were toasting |
| Vosotros / as | brindabais | You were toasting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindaban | They / you were toasting |
| Vos | brindabas | You were toasting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have toasted” and “she has toasted”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he brindado | I have toasted |
| Tú | has brindado | You have toasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha brindado | He has / she has / you have toasted |
| Nosotros / as | hemos brindado | We have toasted |
| Vosotros / as | habéis brindado | You have toasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han brindado | They / you have toasted |
| Vos | has brindado | You have toasted |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would toast” or “she would toast”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | brindaría | I would toast |
| Tú | brindarías | You would toast |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindaría | He / she / you would toast |
| Nosotros / as | brindaríamos | We would toast |
| Vosotros / as | brindaríais | You would toast |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindarían | They / you would toast |
| Vos | brindarías | You would toast |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will toast” or “they will toast”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a brindar” means “They are going to toast”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | brindaré | I will toast |
| Tú | brindarás | You will toast |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindará | He / she / you will toast |
| Nosotros / as | brindaremos | We will toast |
| Vosotros / as | brindaréis | You will toast |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindarán | They / you will toast |
| Vos | brindarás | You will toast |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | brinde |
| Tú | brindes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brinde |
| Nosotros / as | brindemos |
| Vosotros / as | brindéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brinden |
| Vos | brindes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | brindara | brindase |
| Tú | brindaras | brindase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindara | brindase |
| Nosotros / as | brindáramos | brindásemos |
| Vosotros / as | brindarais | brindaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindaran | brindasen |
| Vos | brindaras | brindase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | brindare |
| Tú | brindares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brindare |
| Nosotros / as | brindáremos |
| Vosotros / as | brindareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brindaren |
| Vos | brindares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “toast!” and “don’t toast!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | brinda | no brindes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | brinde | no brinde |
| Nosotros / as | brindemos | no brindemos |
| Vosotros / as | brindad | no brindéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | brinden | no brinden |
| Vos | brindá | no brindes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya brindado |
| Tú | hayas brindado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya brindado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos brindado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis brindado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan brindado |
| Vos | hayas brindado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera brindado / hubiese brindado |
| Tú | hubieras brindado / hubieses brindado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera brindado / hubiese brindado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos brindado / hubiésemos brindado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais brindado / hubieseis brindado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran brindado / hubiesen brindado |
| Vos | hubieras brindado / hubieses brindado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere brindado |
| Tú | hubieres brindado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere brindado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos brindado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis brindado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren brindado |
| Vos | hubieres brindado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté brindando |
| Tú | estés brindando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté brindando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos brindando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis brindando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén brindando |
| Vos | estés brindando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera brindando / estuviese brindando |
| Tú | estuvieras brindando / estuvieses brindando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera brindando / estuviese brindando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos brindando / estuviésamos brindando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais brindando / estuvieseis brindando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera brindando / estuviese brindando |
| Vos | estuvieras brindando / estuvieses brindando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere brindando |
| Tú | estuvieres brindando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere brindando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos brindando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis brindando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere brindando |
| Vos | estuvieres brindando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos brindás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos brindaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos brindabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos brindarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos brindarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos brindes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos brindaras / Vos brindase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos brindá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no brindes |