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Everything you need to improve your Spanish
Bromear is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to joke, jest”.
Below are all of the conjugations for bromear in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to joke, jest |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | bromear |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está bromeando) and past continuous (estaba bromeando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. joking).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he bromeado and hubiera bromeado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have joked).
| Gerundio / Gerund | bromeando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | bromeado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I joke” or “they joke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bromeo |
| Tú | bromeas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromea |
| Nosotros / as | bromeamos |
| Vosotros / as | bromeáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromean |
| Vos | bromeás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I joked” or “she joked” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bromeé | I joked |
| Tú | bromeaste | You joked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromeó | He / she / you joked |
| Nosotros / as | bromeamos | We joked |
| Vosotros / as | bromeasteis | You joked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromearon | They / you joked |
| Vos | bromeaste | You joked |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was joking” or “she was joking” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bromeaba | I was joking |
| Tú | bromeabas | You were joking |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromeaba | He was / she was / you were joking |
| Nosotros / as | bromeábamos | We were joking |
| Vosotros / as | bromeabais | You were joking |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromeaban | They / you were joking |
| Vos | bromeabas | You were joking |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have joked” and “she has joked”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he bromeado | I have joked |
| Tú | has bromeado | You have joked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha bromeado | He has / she has / you have joked |
| Nosotros / as | hemos bromeado | We have joked |
| Vosotros / as | habéis bromeado | You have joked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han bromeado | They / you have joked |
| Vos | has bromeado | You have joked |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would joke” or “she would joke”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bromearía | I would joke |
| Tú | bromearías | You would joke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromearía | He / she / you would joke |
| Nosotros / as | bromearíamos | We would joke |
| Vosotros / as | bromearíais | You would joke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromearían | They / you would joke |
| Vos | bromearías | You would joke |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will joke” or “they will joke”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a bromear” means “They are going to joke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bromearé | I will joke |
| Tú | bromearás | You will joke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromeará | He / she / you will joke |
| Nosotros / as | bromearemos | We will joke |
| Vosotros / as | bromearéis | You will joke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromearán | They / you will joke |
| Vos | bromearás | You will joke |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bromee |
| Tú | bromees |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromee |
| Nosotros / as | bromeemos |
| Vosotros / as | bromeéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromeen |
| Vos | bromees |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | bromeara | bromease |
| Tú | bromearas | bromease |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromeara | bromease |
| Nosotros / as | bromeáramos | bromeásemos |
| Vosotros / as | bromearais | bromeaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromearan | bromeasen |
| Vos | bromearas | bromease |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | bromeare |
| Tú | bromeares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromeare |
| Nosotros / as | bromeáremos |
| Vosotros / as | bromeareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromearen |
| Vos | bromeares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “joke!” and “don’t joke!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | bromea | no bromees |
| Él / Ella / Usted | bromee | no bromee |
| Nosotros / as | bromeemos | no bromeemos |
| Vosotros / as | bromead | no bromeéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | bromeen | no bromeen |
| Vos | broméa | no bromees |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya bromeado |
| Tú | hayas bromeado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya bromeado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos bromeado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis bromeado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan bromeado |
| Vos | hayas bromeado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera bromeado / hubiese bromeado |
| Tú | hubieras bromeado / hubieses bromeado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera bromeado / hubiese bromeado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos bromeado / hubiésemos bromeado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais bromeado / hubieseis bromeado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran bromeado / hubiesen bromeado |
| Vos | hubieras bromeado / hubieses bromeado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere bromeado |
| Tú | hubieres bromeado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere bromeado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos bromeado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis bromeado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren bromeado |
| Vos | hubieres bromeado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté bromeando |
| Tú | estés bromeando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté bromeando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos bromeando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis bromeando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén bromeando |
| Vos | estés bromeando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera bromeando / estuviese bromeando |
| Tú | estuvieras bromeando / estuvieses bromeando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera bromeando / estuviese bromeando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos bromeando / estuviésamos bromeando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais bromeando / estuvieseis bromeando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera bromeando / estuviese bromeando |
| Vos | estuvieras bromeando / estuvieses bromeando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere bromeando |
| Tú | estuvieres bromeando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere bromeando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos bromeando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis bromeando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere bromeando |
| Vos | estuvieres bromeando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos bromeás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos bromeaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos bromeabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos bromearías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos bromearás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos bromees |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos bromearas / Vos bromease |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos broméa |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no bromees |