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Everything you need to improve your Spanish
Clamar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to clamor, cry out”.
Below are all of the conjugations for clamar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to clamor, cry out |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | clamar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está clamando) and past continuous (estaba clamando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. clamoring).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he clamado and hubiera clamado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have clamored).
| Gerundio / Gerund | clamando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | clamado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I clamor” or “they clamor”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | clamo |
| Tú | clamas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clama |
| Nosotros / as | clamamos |
| Vosotros / as | clamáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | claman |
| Vos | clamás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I clamored” or “she clamored” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | clamé | I clamored |
| Tú | clamaste | You clamored |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamó | He / she / you clamored |
| Nosotros / as | clamamos | We clamored |
| Vosotros / as | clamasteis | You clamored |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamaron | They / you clamored |
| Vos | clamaste | You clamored |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was clamoring” or “she was clamoring” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | clamaba | I was clamoring |
| Tú | clamabas | You were clamoring |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamaba | He was / she was / you were clamoring |
| Nosotros / as | clamábamos | We were clamoring |
| Vosotros / as | clamabais | You were clamoring |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamaban | They / you were clamoring |
| Vos | clamabas | You were clamoring |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have clamored” and “she has clamored”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he clamado | I have clamored |
| Tú | has clamado | You have clamored |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha clamado | He has / she has / you have clamored |
| Nosotros / as | hemos clamado | We have clamored |
| Vosotros / as | habéis clamado | You have clamored |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han clamado | They / you have clamored |
| Vos | has clamado | You have clamored |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would clamor” or “she would clamor”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | clamaría | I would clamor |
| Tú | clamarías | You would clamor |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamaría | He / she / you would clamor |
| Nosotros / as | clamaríamos | We would clamor |
| Vosotros / as | clamaríais | You would clamor |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamarían | They / you would clamor |
| Vos | clamarías | You would clamor |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will clamor” or “they will clamor”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a clamar” means “They are going to clamor”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | clamaré | I will clamor |
| Tú | clamarás | You will clamor |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamará | He / she / you will clamor |
| Nosotros / as | clamaremos | We will clamor |
| Vosotros / as | clamaréis | You will clamor |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamarán | They / you will clamor |
| Vos | clamarás | You will clamor |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | clame |
| Tú | clames |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clame |
| Nosotros / as | clamemos |
| Vosotros / as | claméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamen |
| Vos | clames |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | clamara | clamase |
| Tú | clamaras | clamase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamara | clamase |
| Nosotros / as | clamáramos | clamásemos |
| Vosotros / as | clamarais | clamaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamaran | clamasen |
| Vos | clamaras | clamase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | clamare |
| Tú | clamares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clamare |
| Nosotros / as | clamáremos |
| Vosotros / as | clamareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamaren |
| Vos | clamares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “clamor!” and “don’t clamor!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | clama | no clames |
| Él / Ella / Usted | clame | no clame |
| Nosotros / as | clamemos | no clamemos |
| Vosotros / as | clamad | no claméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | clamen | no clamen |
| Vos | clamá | no clames |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya clamado |
| Tú | hayas clamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya clamado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos clamado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis clamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan clamado |
| Vos | hayas clamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera clamado / hubiese clamado |
| Tú | hubieras clamado / hubieses clamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera clamado / hubiese clamado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos clamado / hubiésemos clamado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais clamado / hubieseis clamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran clamado / hubiesen clamado |
| Vos | hubieras clamado / hubieses clamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere clamado |
| Tú | hubieres clamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere clamado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos clamado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis clamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren clamado |
| Vos | hubieres clamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté clamando |
| Tú | estés clamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté clamando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos clamando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis clamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén clamando |
| Vos | estés clamando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera clamando / estuviese clamando |
| Tú | estuvieras clamando / estuvieses clamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera clamando / estuviese clamando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos clamando / estuviésamos clamando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais clamando / estuvieseis clamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera clamando / estuviese clamando |
| Vos | estuvieras clamando / estuvieses clamando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere clamando |
| Tú | estuvieres clamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere clamando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos clamando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis clamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere clamando |
| Vos | estuvieres clamando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos clamás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos clamaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos clamabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos clamarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos clamarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos clames |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos clamaras / Vos clamase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos clamá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no clames |