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Cohibir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to inhibit, restrain”.
Below are all of the conjugations for cohibir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to inhibit, restrain |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | cohibir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está cohibiendo) and past continuous (estaba cohibiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. inhibiting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he cohibido and hubiera cohibido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have inhibited).
| Gerundio / Gerund | cohibiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | cohibido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I inhibit” or “they inhibit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cohibo |
| Tú | cohibes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibe |
| Nosotros / as | cohibimos |
| Vosotros / as | cohibís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohiben |
| Vos | cohibís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I inhibited” or “she inhibited” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cohibí | I inhibited |
| Tú | cohibiste | You inhibited |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibió | He / she / you inhibited |
| Nosotros / as | cohibimos | We inhibited |
| Vosotros / as | cohibisteis | You inhibited |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibieron | They / you inhibited |
| Vos | cohibiste | You inhibited |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was inhibiting” or “she was inhibiting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cohibía | I was inhibiting |
| Tú | cohibías | You were inhibiting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibía | He was / she was / you were inhibiting |
| Nosotros / as | cohibíamos | We were inhibiting |
| Vosotros / as | cohibíais | You were inhibiting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibían | They / you were inhibiting |
| Vos | cohibías | You were inhibiting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have inhibited” and “she has inhibited”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he cohibido | I have inhibited |
| Tú | has cohibido | You have inhibited |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha cohibido | He has / she has / you have inhibited |
| Nosotros / as | hemos cohibido | We have inhibited |
| Vosotros / as | habéis cohibido | You have inhibited |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han cohibido | They / you have inhibited |
| Vos | has cohibido | You have inhibited |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would inhibit” or “she would inhibit”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cohibiría | I would inhibit |
| Tú | cohibirías | You would inhibit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibiría | He / she / you would inhibit |
| Nosotros / as | cohibiríamos | We would inhibit |
| Vosotros / as | cohibiríais | You would inhibit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibirían | They / you would inhibit |
| Vos | cohibirías | You would inhibit |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will inhibit” or “they will inhibit”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a cohibir” means “They are going to inhibit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cohibiré | I will inhibit |
| Tú | cohibirás | You will inhibit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibirá | He / she / you will inhibit |
| Nosotros / as | cohibiremos | We will inhibit |
| Vosotros / as | cohibiréis | You will inhibit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibirán | They / you will inhibit |
| Vos | cohibirás | You will inhibit |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cohiba |
| Tú | cohibas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohiba |
| Nosotros / as | cohibamos |
| Vosotros / as | cohibáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohiban |
| Vos | cohibas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cohibiera | cohibiese |
| Tú | cohibieras | cohibiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibiera | cohibiese |
| Nosotros / as | cohibiéramos | cohibiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | cohibierais | cohibieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibieran | cohibiesen |
| Vos | cohibieras | cohibiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cohibiere |
| Tú | cohibieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohibiera |
| Nosotros / as | cohibiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | cohibiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohibieren |
| Vos | cohibieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “inhibit!” and “don’t inhibit!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | cohibe | no cohibas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cohiba | no cohiba |
| Nosotros / as | cohibamos | no cohibamos |
| Vosotros / as | cohibid | no cohibáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cohiban | no cohiban |
| Vos | cohibí | no cohibas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya cohibido |
| Tú | hayas cohibido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya cohibido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos cohibido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis cohibido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan cohibido |
| Vos | hayas cohibido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera cohibido / hubiese cohibido |
| Tú | hubieras cohibido / hubieses cohibido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera cohibido / hubiese cohibido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos cohibido / hubiésemos cohibido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais cohibido / hubieseis cohibido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran cohibido / hubiesen cohibido |
| Vos | hubieras cohibido / hubieses cohibido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere cohibido |
| Tú | hubieres cohibido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere cohibido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos cohibido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis cohibido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren cohibido |
| Vos | hubieres cohibido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté cohibiendo |
| Tú | estés cohibiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté cohibiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos cohibiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis cohibiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén cohibiendo |
| Vos | estés cohibiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera cohibiendo / estuviese cohibiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras cohibiendo / estuvieses cohibiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera cohibiendo / estuviese cohibiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos cohibiendo / estuviésamos cohibiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais cohibiendo / estuvieseis cohibiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera cohibiendo / estuviese cohibiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras cohibiendo / estuvieses cohibiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere cohibiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres cohibiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere cohibiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos cohibiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis cohibiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere cohibiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres cohibiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos cohibís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos cohibiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos cohibías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos cohibirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos cohibirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos cohibas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos cohibieras / Vos cohibiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos cohibí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no cohibas |