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Combinar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to combine, unite”.
Below are all of the conjugations for combinar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to combine, unite |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | combinar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está combinando) and past continuous (estaba combinando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. combining).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he combinado and hubiera combinado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have combined).
| Gerundio / Gerund | combinando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | combinado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I combine” or “they combine”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | combino |
| Tú | combinas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combina |
| Nosotros / as | combinamos |
| Vosotros / as | combináis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinan |
| Vos | combinás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I combined” or “she combined” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | combiné | I combined |
| Tú | combinaste | You combined |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinó | He / she / you combined |
| Nosotros / as | combinamos | We combined |
| Vosotros / as | combinasteis | You combined |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinaron | They / you combined |
| Vos | combinaste | You combined |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was combining” or “she was combining” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | combinaba | I was combining |
| Tú | combinabas | You were combining |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinaba | He was / she was / you were combining |
| Nosotros / as | combinábamos | We were combining |
| Vosotros / as | combinabais | You were combining |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinaban | They / you were combining |
| Vos | combinabas | You were combining |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have combined” and “she has combined”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he combinado | I have combined |
| Tú | has combinado | You have combined |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha combinado | He has / she has / you have combined |
| Nosotros / as | hemos combinado | We have combined |
| Vosotros / as | habéis combinado | You have combined |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han combinado | They / you have combined |
| Vos | has combinado | You have combined |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would combine” or “she would combine”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | combinaría | I would combine |
| Tú | combinarías | You would combine |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinaría | He / she / you would combine |
| Nosotros / as | combinaríamos | We would combine |
| Vosotros / as | combinaríais | You would combine |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinarían | They / you would combine |
| Vos | combinarías | You would combine |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will combine” or “they will combine”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a combinar” means “They are going to combine”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | combinaré | I will combine |
| Tú | combinarás | You will combine |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinará | He / she / you will combine |
| Nosotros / as | combinaremos | We will combine |
| Vosotros / as | combinaréis | You will combine |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinarán | They / you will combine |
| Vos | combinarás | You will combine |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | combine |
| Tú | combines |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combine |
| Nosotros / as | combinemos |
| Vosotros / as | combinéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinen |
| Vos | combines |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | combinara | combinase |
| Tú | combinaras | combinase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinara | combinase |
| Nosotros / as | combináramos | combinásemos |
| Vosotros / as | combinarais | combinaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinaran | combinasen |
| Vos | combinaras | combinase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | combinare |
| Tú | combinares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combinare |
| Nosotros / as | combináremos |
| Vosotros / as | combinareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinaren |
| Vos | combinares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “combine!” and “don’t combine!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | combina | no combines |
| Él / Ella / Usted | combine | no combine |
| Nosotros / as | combinemos | no combinemos |
| Vosotros / as | combinad | no combinéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | combinen | no combinen |
| Vos | combiná | no combines |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya combinado |
| Tú | hayas combinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya combinado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos combinado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis combinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan combinado |
| Vos | hayas combinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera combinado / hubiese combinado |
| Tú | hubieras combinado / hubieses combinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera combinado / hubiese combinado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos combinado / hubiésemos combinado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais combinado / hubieseis combinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran combinado / hubiesen combinado |
| Vos | hubieras combinado / hubieses combinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere combinado |
| Tú | hubieres combinado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere combinado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos combinado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis combinado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren combinado |
| Vos | hubieres combinado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté combinando |
| Tú | estés combinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté combinando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos combinando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis combinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén combinando |
| Vos | estés combinando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera combinando / estuviese combinando |
| Tú | estuvieras combinando / estuvieses combinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera combinando / estuviese combinando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos combinando / estuviésamos combinando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais combinando / estuvieseis combinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera combinando / estuviese combinando |
| Vos | estuvieras combinando / estuvieses combinando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere combinando |
| Tú | estuvieres combinando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere combinando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos combinando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis combinando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere combinando |
| Vos | estuvieres combinando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos combinás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos combinaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos combinabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos combinarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos combinarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos combines |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos combinaras / Vos combinase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos combiná |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no combines |