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Cometer is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to commit, entrust”.
Below are all of the conjugations for cometer in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to commit, entrust |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | cometer |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está cometiendo) and past continuous (estaba cometiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. committing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he cometido and hubiera cometido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have committed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | cometiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | cometido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I commit” or “they commit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cometo |
| Tú | cometes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | comete |
| Nosotros / as | cometemos |
| Vosotros / as | cometéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometen |
| Vos | cometés |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I committed” or “she committed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cometí | I committed |
| Tú | cometiste | You committed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometió | He / she / you committed |
| Nosotros / as | cometimos | We committed |
| Vosotros / as | cometisteis | You committed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometieron | They / you committed |
| Vos | cometiste | You committed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was committing” or “she was committing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cometía | I was committing |
| Tú | cometías | You were committing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometía | He was / she was / you were committing |
| Nosotros / as | cometíamos | We were committing |
| Vosotros / as | cometíais | You were committing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometían | They / you were committing |
| Vos | cometías | You were committing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have committed” and “she has committed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he cometido | I have committed |
| Tú | has cometido | You have committed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha cometido | He has / she has / you have committed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos cometido | We have committed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis cometido | You have committed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han cometido | They / you have committed |
| Vos | has cometido | You have committed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would commit” or “she would commit”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cometería | I would commit |
| Tú | cometerías | You would commit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometería | He / she / you would commit |
| Nosotros / as | cometeríamos | We would commit |
| Vosotros / as | cometeríais | You would commit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometerían | They / you would commit |
| Vos | cometerías | You would commit |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will commit” or “they will commit”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a cometer” means “They are going to commit”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cometeré | I will commit |
| Tú | cometerás | You will commit |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometerá | He / she / you will commit |
| Nosotros / as | cometeremos | We will commit |
| Vosotros / as | cometeréis | You will commit |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometerán | They / you will commit |
| Vos | cometerás | You will commit |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cometa |
| Tú | cometas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometa |
| Nosotros / as | cometamos |
| Vosotros / as | cometáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometan |
| Vos | cometas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cometiera | cometiese |
| Tú | cometieras | cometiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometiera | cometiese |
| Nosotros / as | cometiéramos | cometiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | cometierais | cometieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometieran | cometiesen |
| Vos | cometieras | cometiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cometiere |
| Tú | cometieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometiere |
| Nosotros / as | cometiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | cometiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometieren |
| Vos | cometieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “commit!” and “don’t commit!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | comete | no cometas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cometa | no cometa |
| Nosotros / as | cometamos | no cometamos |
| Vosotros / as | cometed | no cometáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cometan | no cometan |
| Vos | cometé | no cometas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya cometido |
| Tú | hayas cometido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya cometido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos cometido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis cometido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan cometido |
| Vos | hayas cometido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera cometido / hubiese cometido |
| Tú | hubieras cometido / hubieses cometido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera cometido / hubiese cometido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos cometido / hubiésemos cometido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais cometido / hubieseis cometido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran cometido / hubiesen cometido |
| Vos | hubieras cometido / hubieses cometido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere cometido |
| Tú | hubieres cometido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere cometido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos cometido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis cometido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren cometido |
| Vos | hubieres cometido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté cometiendo |
| Tú | estés cometiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté cometiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos cometiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis cometiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén cometiendo |
| Vos | estés cometiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera cometiendo / estuviese cometiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras cometiendo / estuvieses cometiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera cometiendo / estuviese cometiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos cometiendo / estuviésamos cometiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais cometiendo / estuvieseis cometiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera cometiendo / estuviese cometiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras cometiendo / estuvieses cometiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere cometiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres cometiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere cometiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos cometiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis cometiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere cometiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres cometiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos cometés |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos cometiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos cometías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos cometerías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos cometerás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos cometas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos cometieras / Vos cometiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos cometé |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no cometas |