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Confirmar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to confirm”.
Below are all of the conjugations for confirmar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to confirm |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | confirmar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está confirmando) and past continuous (estaba confirmando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. confirming).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he confirmado and hubiera confirmado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have confirmed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | confirmando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | confirmado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I confirm” or “they confirm”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | confirmo |
| Tú | confirmas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirma |
| Nosotros / as | confirmamos |
| Vosotros / as | confirmáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirman |
| Vos | confirmás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I confirmed” or “she confirmed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | confirmé | I confirmed |
| Tú | confirmaste | You confirmed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmó | He / she / you confirmed |
| Nosotros / as | confirmamos | We confirmed |
| Vosotros / as | confirmasteis | You confirmed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmaron | They / you confirmed |
| Vos | confirmaste | You confirmed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was confirming” or “she was confirming” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | confirmaba | I was confirming |
| Tú | confirmabas | You were confirming |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmaba | He was / she was / you were confirming |
| Nosotros / as | confirmábamos | We were confirming |
| Vosotros / as | confirmabais | You were confirming |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmaban | They / you were confirming |
| Vos | confirmabas | You were confirming |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have confirmed” and “she has confirmed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he confirmado | I have confirmed |
| Tú | has confirmado | You have confirmed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha confirmado | He has / she has / you have confirmed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos confirmado | We have confirmed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis confirmado | You have confirmed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han confirmado | They / you have confirmed |
| Vos | has confirmado | You have confirmed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would confirm” or “she would confirm”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | confirmaría | I would confirm |
| Tú | confirmarías | You would confirm |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmaría | He / she / you would confirm |
| Nosotros / as | confirmaríamos | We would confirm |
| Vosotros / as | confirmaríais | You would confirm |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmarían | They / you would confirm |
| Vos | confirmarías | You would confirm |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will confirm” or “they will confirm”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a confirmar” means “They are going to confirm”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | confirmaré | I will confirm |
| Tú | confirmarás | You will confirm |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmará | He / she / you will confirm |
| Nosotros / as | confirmaremos | We will confirm |
| Vosotros / as | confirmaréis | You will confirm |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmarán | They / you will confirm |
| Vos | confirmarás | You will confirm |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | confirme |
| Tú | confirmes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirme |
| Nosotros / as | confirmemos |
| Vosotros / as | confirméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmen |
| Vos | confirmes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | confirmara | confirmase |
| Tú | confirmaras | confirmase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmara | confirmase |
| Nosotros / as | confirmáramos | confirmásemos |
| Vosotros / as | confirmarais | confirmaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmaran | confirmasen |
| Vos | confirmaras | confirmase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | confirmare |
| Tú | confirmares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirmare |
| Nosotros / as | confirmáremos |
| Vosotros / as | confirmareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmaren |
| Vos | confirmares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “confirm!” and “don’t confirm!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | confirma | no confirmes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | confirme | no confirme |
| Nosotros / as | confirmemos | no confirmemos |
| Vosotros / as | confirmad | no confirméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | confirmen | no confirmen |
| Vos | confirmá | no confirmes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya confirmado |
| Tú | hayas confirmado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya confirmado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos confirmado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis confirmado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan confirmado |
| Vos | hayas confirmado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera confirmado / hubiese confirmado |
| Tú | hubieras confirmado / hubieses confirmado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera confirmado / hubiese confirmado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos confirmado / hubiésemos confirmado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais confirmado / hubieseis confirmado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran confirmado / hubiesen confirmado |
| Vos | hubieras confirmado / hubieses confirmado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere confirmado |
| Tú | hubieres confirmado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere confirmado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos confirmado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis confirmado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren confirmado |
| Vos | hubieres confirmado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté confirmando |
| Tú | estés confirmando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté confirmando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos confirmando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis confirmando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén confirmando |
| Vos | estés confirmando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera confirmando / estuviese confirmando |
| Tú | estuvieras confirmando / estuvieses confirmando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera confirmando / estuviese confirmando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos confirmando / estuviésamos confirmando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais confirmando / estuvieseis confirmando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera confirmando / estuviese confirmando |
| Vos | estuvieras confirmando / estuvieses confirmando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere confirmando |
| Tú | estuvieres confirmando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere confirmando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos confirmando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis confirmando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere confirmando |
| Vos | estuvieres confirmando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos confirmás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos confirmaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos confirmabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos confirmarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos confirmarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos confirmes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos confirmaras / Vos confirmase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos confirmá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no confirmes |