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Convencer is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to convince, to become convinced”.
Below are all of the conjugations for convencer in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to convince, to become convinced |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | convencer |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está convenciendo) and past continuous (estaba convenciendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. convincing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he convencido and hubiera convencido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have convinced).
| Gerundio / Gerund | convenciendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | convencido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I convince” or “they convince”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convenzo |
| Tú | convences |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convence |
| Nosotros / as | convencemos |
| Vosotros / as | convencéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencen |
| Vos | convencés |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I convinced” or “she convinced” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convencí | I convinced |
| Tú | convenciste | You convinced |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convenció | He / she / you convinced |
| Nosotros / as | convencimos | We convinced |
| Vosotros / as | convencisteis | You convinced |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencieron | They / you convinced |
| Vos | convenciste | You convinced |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was convincing” or “she was convincing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convencía | I was convincing |
| Tú | convencías | You were convincing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convencía | He was / she was / you were convincing |
| Nosotros / as | convencíamos | We were convincing |
| Vosotros / as | convencíais | You were convincing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencían | They / you were convincing |
| Vos | convencías | You were convincing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have convinced” and “she has convinced”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he convencido | I have convinced |
| Tú | has convencido | You have convinced |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha convencido | He has / she has / you have convinced |
| Nosotros / as | hemos convencido | We have convinced |
| Vosotros / as | habéis convencido | You have convinced |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han convencido | They / you have convinced |
| Vos | has convencido | You have convinced |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would convince” or “she would convince”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convencería | I would convince |
| Tú | convencerías | You would convince |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convencería | He / she / you would convince |
| Nosotros / as | convenceríamos | We would convince |
| Vosotros / as | convenceríais | You would convince |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencerían | They / you would convince |
| Vos | convencerías | You would convince |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will convince” or “they will convince”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a convencer” means “They are going to convince”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convenceré | I will convince |
| Tú | convencerás | You will convince |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convencerá | He / she / you will convince |
| Nosotros / as | convenceremos | We will convince |
| Vosotros / as | convenceréis | You will convince |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencerán | They / you will convince |
| Vos | convencerás | You will convince |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convenza |
| Tú | convenzas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convenza |
| Nosotros / as | convenzamos |
| Vosotros / as | convenzáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convenzan |
| Vos | convenzas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convenciera | convenciese |
| Tú | convencieras | convenciese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convenciera | convenciese |
| Nosotros / as | convenciéramos | convenciésemos |
| Vosotros / as | convencierais | convencieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencieran | convenciesen |
| Vos | convencieras | convenciese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convenciere |
| Tú | convencieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convenciere |
| Nosotros / as | convenciéremos |
| Vosotros / as | convenciereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convencieren |
| Vos | convencieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “convince!” and “don’t convince!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | convence | no convenzas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convenza | no convenza |
| Nosotros / as | convenzamos | no convenzamos |
| Vosotros / as | convenced | no convenzáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convenzan | no convenzan |
| Vos | convencé | no convenzas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya convencido |
| Tú | hayas convencido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya convencido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos convencido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis convencido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan convencido |
| Vos | hayas convencido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera convencido / hubiese convencido |
| Tú | hubieras convencido / hubieses convencido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera convencido / hubiese convencido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos convencido / hubiésemos convencido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais convencido / hubieseis convencido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran convencido / hubiesen convencido |
| Vos | hubieras convencido / hubieses convencido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere convencido |
| Tú | hubieres convencido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere convencido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos convencido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis convencido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren convencido |
| Vos | hubieres convencido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté convenciendo |
| Tú | estés convenciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté convenciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos convenciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis convenciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén convenciendo |
| Vos | estés convenciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera convenciendo / estuviese convenciendo |
| Tú | estuvieras convenciendo / estuvieses convenciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera convenciendo / estuviese convenciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos convenciendo / estuviésamos convenciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais convenciendo / estuvieseis convenciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera convenciendo / estuviese convenciendo |
| Vos | estuvieras convenciendo / estuvieses convenciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere convenciendo |
| Tú | estuvieres convenciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere convenciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos convenciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis convenciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere convenciendo |
| Vos | estuvieres convenciendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos convencés |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos convenciste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos convencías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos convencerías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos convencerás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos convenzas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos convencieras / Vos convenciese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos convencé |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no convenzas |