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Convertir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to turn into / to convert”.
Below are all of the conjugations for convertir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to turn into / to convert |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | convertir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está convirtiendo) and past continuous (estaba convirtiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. turning into).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he convertido and hubiera convertido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have turned into).
| Gerundio / Gerund | convirtiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | convertido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I turn into” or “they turn into”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convierto |
| Tú | conviertes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convierte |
| Nosotros / as | convertimos |
| Vosotros / as | convertís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convierten |
| Vos | convertís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I turned into” or “she turned into” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convertí | I turned into |
| Tú | convertiste | You turned into |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convirtió | He / she / you turned into |
| Nosotros / as | convertimos | We turned into |
| Vosotros / as | convertisteis | You turned into |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convirtieron | They / you turned into |
| Vos | convertiste | You turned into |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was turning into” or “she was turning into” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convertía | I was turning into |
| Tú | convertías | You were turning into |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convertía | He was / she was / you were turning into |
| Nosotros / as | convertíamos | We were turning into |
| Vosotros / as | convertíais | You were turning into |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convertían | They / you were turning into |
| Vos | convertías | You were turning into |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have turned into” and “she has turned into”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he convertido | I have turned into |
| Tú | has convertido | You have turned into |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha convertido | He has / she has / you have turned into |
| Nosotros / as | hemos convertido | We have turned into |
| Vosotros / as | habéis convertido | You have turned into |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han convertido | They / you have turned into |
| Vos | has convertido | You have turned into |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would turn into” or “she would turn into”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convertiría | I would turn into |
| Tú | convertirías | You would turn into |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convertiría | He / she / you would turn into |
| Nosotros / as | convertiríamos | We would turn into |
| Vosotros / as | convertiríais | You would turn into |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convertirían | They / you would turn into |
| Vos | convertirías | You would turn into |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will turn into” or “they will turn into”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a convertir” means “They are going to turn into”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convertiré | I will turn into |
| Tú | convertirás | You will turn into |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convertirá | He / she / you will turn into |
| Nosotros / as | convertiremos | We will turn into |
| Vosotros / as | convertiréis | You will turn into |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convertirán | They / you will turn into |
| Vos | convertirás | You will turn into |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convierta |
| Tú | conviertas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convierta |
| Nosotros / as | convirtamos |
| Vosotros / as | convirtáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | conviertan |
| Vos | conviertas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | convirtiera | convirtiese |
| Tú | convirtieras | convirtiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convirtiera | convirtiese |
| Nosotros / as | convirtiéramos | convirtiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | convirtierais | convirtieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convirtieran | convirtiesen |
| Vos | convirtieras | convirtiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | convirtiere |
| Tú | convirtieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convirtiera |
| Nosotros / as | convirtiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | convirtiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | convirtieren |
| Vos | convirtieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “turn into!” and “don’t turn into!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | convierte | no conviertas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | convierta | no convierta |
| Nosotros / as | convirtamos | no convirtamos |
| Vosotros / as | convertid | no convirtáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | conviertan | no conviertan |
| Vos | convertí | no conviertas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya convertido |
| Tú | hayas convertido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya convertido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos convertido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis convertido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan convertido |
| Vos | hayas convertido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera convertido / hubiese convertido |
| Tú | hubieras convertido / hubieses convertido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera convertido / hubiese convertido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos convertido / hubiésemos convertido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais convertido / hubieseis convertido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran convertido / hubiesen convertido |
| Vos | hubieras convertido / hubieses convertido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere convertido |
| Tú | hubieres convertido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere convertido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos convertido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis convertido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren convertido |
| Vos | hubieres convertido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté convirtiendo |
| Tú | estés convirtiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté convirtiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos convirtiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis convirtiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén convirtiendo |
| Vos | estés convirtiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera convirtiendo / estuviese convirtiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras convirtiendo / estuvieses convirtiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera convirtiendo / estuviese convirtiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos convirtiendo / estuviésamos convirtiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais convirtiendo / estuvieseis convirtiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera convirtiendo / estuviese convirtiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras convirtiendo / estuvieses convirtiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere convirtiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres convirtiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere convirtiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos convirtiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis convirtiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere convirtiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres convirtiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos convertís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos convertiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos convertías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos convertirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos convertirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos conviertas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos convirtieras / Vos convirtiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos convertí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no conviertas |
