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Cotizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to quote, price”.
Below are all of the conjugations for cotizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to quote, price |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | cotizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está cotizando) and past continuous (estaba cotizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. quoting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he cotizado and hubiera cotizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have quoted).
| Gerundio / Gerund | cotizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | cotizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I quote” or “they quote”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cotizo |
| Tú | cotizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotiza |
| Nosotros / as | cotizamos |
| Vosotros / as | cotizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizan |
| Vos | cotizás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I quoted” or “she quoted” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | coticé | I quoted |
| Tú | cotizaste | You quoted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizó | He / she / you quoted |
| Nosotros / as | cotizamos | We quoted |
| Vosotros / as | cotizasteis | You quoted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizaron | They / you quoted |
| Vos | cotizaste | You quoted |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was quoting” or “she was quoting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cotizaba | I was quoting |
| Tú | cotizabas | You were quoting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizaba | He was / she was / you were quoting |
| Nosotros / as | cotizábamos | We were quoting |
| Vosotros / as | cotizabais | You were quoting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizaban | They / you were quoting |
| Vos | cotizabas | You were quoting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have quoted” and “she has quoted”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he cotizado | I have quoted |
| Tú | has cotizado | You have quoted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha cotizado | He has / she has / you have quoted |
| Nosotros / as | hemos cotizado | We have quoted |
| Vosotros / as | habéis cotizado | You have quoted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han cotizado | They / you have quoted |
| Vos | has cotizado | You have quoted |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would quote” or “she would quote”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cotizaría | I would quote |
| Tú | cotizarías | You would quote |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizaría | He / she / you would quote |
| Nosotros / as | cotizaríamos | We would quote |
| Vosotros / as | cotizaríais | You would quote |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizarían | They / you would quote |
| Vos | cotizarías | You would quote |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will quote” or “they will quote”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a cotizar” means “They are going to quote”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cotizaré | I will quote |
| Tú | cotizarás | You will quote |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizará | He / she / you will quote |
| Nosotros / as | cotizaremos | We will quote |
| Vosotros / as | cotizaréis | You will quote |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizarán | They / you will quote |
| Vos | cotizarás | You will quote |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cotice |
| Tú | cotices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotice |
| Nosotros / as | coticemos |
| Vosotros / as | coticéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coticen |
| Vos | cotices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | cotizara | cotizase |
| Tú | cotizaras | cotizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizara | cotizase |
| Nosotros / as | cotizáramos | cotizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | cotizarais | cotizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizaran | cotizasen |
| Vos | cotizaras | cotizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | cotizare |
| Tú | cotizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotizare |
| Nosotros / as | cotizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | cotizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | cotizaren |
| Vos | cotizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “quote!” and “don’t quote!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | cotiza | no cotices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | cotice | no cotice |
| Nosotros / as | coticemos | no coticemos |
| Vosotros / as | cotizad | no coticéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | coticen | no coticen |
| Vos | cotizá | no cotices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya cotizado |
| Tú | hayas cotizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya cotizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos cotizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis cotizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan cotizado |
| Vos | hayas cotizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera cotizado / hubiese cotizado |
| Tú | hubieras cotizado / hubieses cotizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera cotizado / hubiese cotizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos cotizado / hubiésemos cotizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais cotizado / hubieseis cotizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran cotizado / hubiesen cotizado |
| Vos | hubieras cotizado / hubieses cotizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere cotizado |
| Tú | hubieres cotizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere cotizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos cotizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis cotizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren cotizado |
| Vos | hubieres cotizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté cotizando |
| Tú | estés cotizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté cotizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos cotizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis cotizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén cotizando |
| Vos | estés cotizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera cotizando / estuviese cotizando |
| Tú | estuvieras cotizando / estuvieses cotizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera cotizando / estuviese cotizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos cotizando / estuviésamos cotizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais cotizando / estuvieseis cotizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera cotizando / estuviese cotizando |
| Vos | estuvieras cotizando / estuvieses cotizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere cotizando |
| Tú | estuvieres cotizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere cotizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos cotizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis cotizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere cotizando |
| Vos | estuvieres cotizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos cotizás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos cotizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos cotizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos cotizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos cotizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos cotices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos cotizaras / Vos cotizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos cotizá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no cotices |