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Derrocar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to overthrow, demolish”.
Below are all of the conjugations for derrocar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to overthrow, demolish |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | derrocar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está derrocando) and past continuous (estaba derrocando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. overthrowing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he derrocado and hubiera derrocado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have overthrown).
| Gerundio / Gerund | derrocando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | derrocado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I overthrow” or “they overthrow”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | derroco |
| Tú | derrocas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derroca |
| Nosotros / as | derrocamos |
| Vosotros / as | derrocáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocan |
| Vos | derrocás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I overthrew” or “she overthrew” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | derroqué | I overthrew |
| Tú | derrocaste | You overthrew |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocó | He / she / you overthrew |
| Nosotros / as | derrocamos | We overthrew |
| Vosotros / as | derrocasteis | You overthrew |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocaron | They / you overthrew |
| Vos | derrocaste | You overthrew |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was overthrowing” or “she was overthrowing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | derrocaba | I was overthrowing |
| Tú | derrocabas | You were overthrowing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocaba | He was / she was / you were overthrowing |
| Nosotros / as | derrocábamos | We were overthrowing |
| Vosotros / as | derrocabais | You were overthrowing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocaban | They / you were overthrowing |
| Vos | derrocabas | You were overthrowing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have overthrown” and “she has overthrown”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he derrocado | I have overthrown |
| Tú | has derrocado | You have overthrown |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha derrocado | He has / she has / you have overthrown |
| Nosotros / as | hemos derrocado | We have overthrown |
| Vosotros / as | habéis derrocado | You have overthrown |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han derrocado | They / you have overthrown |
| Vos | has derrocado | You have overthrown |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would overthrow” or “she would overthrow”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | derrocaría | I would overthrow |
| Tú | derrocarías | You would overthrow |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocaría | He / she / you would overthrow |
| Nosotros / as | derrocaríamos | We would overthrow |
| Vosotros / as | derrocaríais | You would overthrow |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocarían | They / you would overthrow |
| Vos | derrocarías | You would overthrow |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will overthrow” or “they will overthrow”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a derrocar” means “They are going to overthrow”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | derrocaré | I will overthrow |
| Tú | derrocarás | You will overthrow |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocará | He / she / you will overthrow |
| Nosotros / as | derrocaremos | We will overthrow |
| Vosotros / as | derrocaréis | You will overthrow |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocarán | They / you will overthrow |
| Vos | derrocarás | You will overthrow |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | derroque |
| Tú | derroques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derroque |
| Nosotros / as | derroquemos |
| Vosotros / as | derroquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derroquen |
| Vos | derroques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | derrocara | derrocase |
| Tú | derrocaras | derrocase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocara | derrocase |
| Nosotros / as | derrocáramos | derrocásemos |
| Vosotros / as | derrocarais | derrocaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocaran | derrocasen |
| Vos | derrocaras | derrocase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | derrocare |
| Tú | derrocares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derrocare |
| Nosotros / as | derrocáremos |
| Vosotros / as | derrocareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derrocaren |
| Vos | derrocares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “overthrow!” and “don’t overthrow!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | derroca | no derroques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | derroque | no derroque |
| Nosotros / as | derroquemos | no derroquemos |
| Vosotros / as | derrocad | no derroquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | derroquen | no derroquen |
| Vos | derrocá | no derroques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya derrocado |
| Tú | hayas derrocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya derrocado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos derrocado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis derrocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan derrocado |
| Vos | hayas derrocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera derrocado / hubiese derrocado |
| Tú | hubieras derrocado / hubieses derrocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera derrocado / hubiese derrocado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos derrocado / hubiésemos derrocado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais derrocado / hubieseis derrocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran derrocado / hubiesen derrocado |
| Vos | hubieras derrocado / hubieses derrocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere derrocado |
| Tú | hubieres derrocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere derrocado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos derrocado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis derrocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren derrocado |
| Vos | hubieres derrocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté derrocando |
| Tú | estés derrocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté derrocando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos derrocando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis derrocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén derrocando |
| Vos | estés derrocando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera derrocando / estuviese derrocando |
| Tú | estuvieras derrocando / estuvieses derrocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera derrocando / estuviese derrocando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos derrocando / estuviésamos derrocando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais derrocando / estuvieseis derrocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera derrocando / estuviese derrocando |
| Vos | estuvieras derrocando / estuvieses derrocando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere derrocando |
| Tú | estuvieres derrocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere derrocando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos derrocando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis derrocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere derrocando |
| Vos | estuvieres derrocando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos derrocás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos derrocaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos derrocabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos derrocarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos derrocarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos derroques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos derrocaras / Vos derrocase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos derrocá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no derroques |