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Desengañar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to undeceive, disillusion”.
Below are all of the conjugations for desengañar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to undeceive, disillusion |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | desengañar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está desengañando) and past continuous (estaba desengañando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. undeceiving).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he desengañado and hubiera desengañado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have undeceived).
| Gerundio / Gerund | desengañando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | desengañado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I undeceive” or “they undeceive”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desengaño |
| Tú | desengañas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengaña |
| Nosotros / as | desengañamos |
| Vosotros / as | desengañáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañan |
| Vos | desengañás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I undeceived” or “she undeceived” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desengañé | I undeceived |
| Tú | desengañaste | You undeceived |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañó | He / she / you undeceived |
| Nosotros / as | desengañamos | We undeceived |
| Vosotros / as | desengañasteis | You undeceived |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañaron | They / you undeceived |
| Vos | desengañaste | You undeceived |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was undeceiving” or “she was undeceiving” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desengañaba | I was undeceiving |
| Tú | desengañabas | You were undeceiving |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañaba | He was / she was / you were undeceiving |
| Nosotros / as | desengañábamos | We were undeceiving |
| Vosotros / as | desengañabais | You were undeceiving |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañaban | They / you were undeceiving |
| Vos | desengañabas | You were undeceiving |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have undeceived” and “she has undeceived”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he desengañado | I have undeceived |
| Tú | has desengañado | You have undeceived |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha desengañado | He has / she has / you have undeceived |
| Nosotros / as | hemos desengañado | We have undeceived |
| Vosotros / as | habéis desengañado | You have undeceived |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han desengañado | They / you have undeceived |
| Vos | has desengañado | You have undeceived |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would undeceive” or “she would undeceive”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desengañaría | I would undeceive |
| Tú | desengañarías | You would undeceive |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañaría | He / she / you would undeceive |
| Nosotros / as | desengañaríamos | We would undeceive |
| Vosotros / as | desengañaríais | You would undeceive |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañarían | They / you would undeceive |
| Vos | desengañarías | You would undeceive |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will undeceive” or “they will undeceive”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a desengañar” means “They are going to undeceive”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desengañaré | I will undeceive |
| Tú | desengañarás | You will undeceive |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañará | He / she / you will undeceive |
| Nosotros / as | desengañaremos | We will undeceive |
| Vosotros / as | desengañaréis | You will undeceive |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañarán | They / you will undeceive |
| Vos | desengañarás | You will undeceive |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desengañe |
| Tú | desengañes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañe |
| Nosotros / as | desengañemos |
| Vosotros / as | desengañéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañen |
| Vos | desengañes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desengañara | desengañase |
| Tú | desengañaras | desengañase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañara | desengañase |
| Nosotros / as | desengañáramos | desengañásemos |
| Vosotros / as | desengañarais | desengañaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañaran | desengañasen |
| Vos | desengañaras | desengañase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desengañare |
| Tú | desengañares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañare |
| Nosotros / as | desengañáremos |
| Vosotros / as | desengañareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañaren |
| Vos | desengañares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “undeceive!” and “don’t undeceive!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | desengaña | no desengañes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desengañe | no desengañe |
| Nosotros / as | desengañemos | no desengañemos |
| Vosotros / as | desengañad | no desengañéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desengañen | no desengañen |
| Vos | desengañá | no desengañes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya desengañado |
| Tú | hayas desengañado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya desengañado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos desengañado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis desengañado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan desengañado |
| Vos | hayas desengañado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera desengañado / hubiese desengañado |
| Tú | hubieras desengañado / hubieses desengañado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera desengañado / hubiese desengañado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos desengañado / hubiésemos desengañado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais desengañado / hubieseis desengañado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran desengañado / hubiesen desengañado |
| Vos | hubieras desengañado / hubieses desengañado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere desengañado |
| Tú | hubieres desengañado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere desengañado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos desengañado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis desengañado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren desengañado |
| Vos | hubieres desengañado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté desengañando |
| Tú | estés desengañando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté desengañando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos desengañando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis desengañando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén desengañando |
| Vos | estés desengañando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera desengañando / estuviese desengañando |
| Tú | estuvieras desengañando / estuvieses desengañando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera desengañando / estuviese desengañando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos desengañando / estuviésamos desengañando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais desengañando / estuvieseis desengañando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera desengañando / estuviese desengañando |
| Vos | estuvieras desengañando / estuvieses desengañando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere desengañando |
| Tú | estuvieres desengañando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere desengañando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos desengañando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis desengañando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere desengañando |
| Vos | estuvieres desengañando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos desengañás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos desengañaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos desengañabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos desengañarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos desengañarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos desengañes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos desengañaras / Vos desengañase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos desengañá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no desengañes |