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Desfigurar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to disfigure”.
Below are all of the conjugations for desfigurar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to disfigure |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | desfigurar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está desfigurando) and past continuous (estaba desfigurando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. disfiguring).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he desfigurado and hubiera desfigurado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have disfigured).
| Gerundio / Gerund | desfigurando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | desfigurado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I disfigure” or “they disfigure”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desfiguro |
| Tú | desfiguras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigura |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguramos |
| Vosotros / as | desfiguráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguran |
| Vos | desfigurás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I disfigured” or “she disfigured” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desfiguré | I disfigured |
| Tú | desfiguraste | You disfigured |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfiguró | He / she / you disfigured |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguramos | We disfigured |
| Vosotros / as | desfigurasteis | You disfigured |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguraron | They / you disfigured |
| Vos | desfiguraste | You disfigured |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was disfiguring” or “she was disfiguring” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desfiguraba | I was disfiguring |
| Tú | desfigurabas | You were disfiguring |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfiguraba | He was / she was / you were disfiguring |
| Nosotros / as | desfigurábamos | We were disfiguring |
| Vosotros / as | desfigurabais | You were disfiguring |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguraban | They / you were disfiguring |
| Vos | desfigurabas | You were disfiguring |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have disfigured” and “she has disfigured”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he desfigurado | I have disfigured |
| Tú | has desfigurado | You have disfigured |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha desfigurado | He has / she has / you have disfigured |
| Nosotros / as | hemos desfigurado | We have disfigured |
| Vosotros / as | habéis desfigurado | You have disfigured |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han desfigurado | They / you have disfigured |
| Vos | has desfigurado | You have disfigured |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would disfigure” or “she would disfigure”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desfiguraría | I would disfigure |
| Tú | desfigurarías | You would disfigure |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfiguraría | He / she / you would disfigure |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguraríamos | We would disfigure |
| Vosotros / as | desfiguraríais | You would disfigure |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfigurarían | They / you would disfigure |
| Vos | desfigurarías | You would disfigure |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will disfigure” or “they will disfigure”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a desfigurar” means “They are going to disfigure”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desfiguraré | I will disfigure |
| Tú | desfigurarás | You will disfigure |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigurará | He / she / you will disfigure |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguraremos | We will disfigure |
| Vosotros / as | desfiguraréis | You will disfigure |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfigurarán | They / you will disfigure |
| Vos | desfigurarás | You will disfigure |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desfigure |
| Tú | desfigures |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigure |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguremos |
| Vosotros / as | desfiguréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguren |
| Vos | desfigures |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | desfigurara | desfigurase |
| Tú | desfiguraras | desfigurase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigurara | desfigurase |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguráramos | desfigurásemos |
| Vosotros / as | desfigurarais | desfiguraseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguraran | desfigurasen |
| Vos | desfiguraras | desfigurase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | desfigurare |
| Tú | desfigurares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigurare |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguráremos |
| Vosotros / as | desfigurareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguraren |
| Vos | desfigurares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “disfigure!” and “don’t disfigure!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | desfigura | no desfigures |
| Él / Ella / Usted | desfigure | no desfigure |
| Nosotros / as | desfiguremos | no desfiguremos |
| Vosotros / as | desfigurad | no desfiguréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | desfiguren | no desfiguren |
| Vos | desfigurá | no desfigures |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya desfigurado |
| Tú | hayas desfigurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya desfigurado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos desfigurado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis desfigurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan desfigurado |
| Vos | hayas desfigurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera desfigurado / hubiese desfigurado |
| Tú | hubieras desfigurado / hubieses desfigurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera desfigurado / hubiese desfigurado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos desfigurado / hubiésemos desfigurado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais desfigurado / hubieseis desfigurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran desfigurado / hubiesen desfigurado |
| Vos | hubieras desfigurado / hubieses desfigurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere desfigurado |
| Tú | hubieres desfigurado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere desfigurado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos desfigurado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis desfigurado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren desfigurado |
| Vos | hubieres desfigurado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté desfigurando |
| Tú | estés desfigurando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté desfigurando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos desfigurando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis desfigurando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén desfigurando |
| Vos | estés desfigurando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera desfigurando / estuviese desfigurando |
| Tú | estuvieras desfigurando / estuvieses desfigurando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera desfigurando / estuviese desfigurando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos desfigurando / estuviésamos desfigurando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais desfigurando / estuvieseis desfigurando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera desfigurando / estuviese desfigurando |
| Vos | estuvieras desfigurando / estuvieses desfigurando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere desfigurando |
| Tú | estuvieres desfigurando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere desfigurando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos desfigurando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis desfigurando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere desfigurando |
| Vos | estuvieres desfigurando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos desfigurás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos desfiguraste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos desfigurabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos desfigurarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos desfigurarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos desfigures |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos desfiguraras / Vos desfigurase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos desfigurá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no desfigures |